Glossary of TypeScript Programming Language Terms
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JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language primarily used to make web pages interactive. It is a core technology of the web, along with HTML and CSS, and runs in web browsers to manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM), respond to user events, and communicate with servers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript
Event Loop in JavaScript is responsible for executing code, collecting and processing events, and running queued tasks. The event loop ensures that JavaScript operations are non-blocking, allowing asynchronous code to run in the background while the main thread remains responsive. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/EventLoop
Callback Function is a function passed as an argument to another function in JavaScript, which is then executed after the completion of a task. Callbacks are widely used in asynchronous operations like network requests, file I/O, and timers to handle the outcome of the operation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Callback_function
Promise in JavaScript is an object that represents the eventual completion (or failure) of an asynchronous operation. A promise allows developers to handle asynchronous tasks in a more readable and manageable way compared to callback functions, using methods like `.then()`, `.catch()`, and `.finally()`. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise
Async/Await is a syntactic sugar in JavaScript built on top of promises that allows developers to write asynchronous code in a more synchronous style. The `async` keyword is used to define a function that returns a promise, and `await` is used to pause execution until the promise resolves or rejects. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Asynchronous/Async_await
Closure in JavaScript is a feature where an inner function has access to variables from an outer function, even after the outer function has returned. Closures are important for creating private variables and for preserving state in asynchronous callbacks. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Closures
Arrow Functions are a concise syntax for writing functions in JavaScript, introduced in ES6. They allow for shorter function definitions and do not have their own `this` value, making them useful in situations where `this` context should remain lexically bound to the outer function. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Arrow_functions
Hoisting is a behavior in JavaScript where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope before code execution. Hoisting allows functions to be called before they are declared, and variables to be used before they are initialized, though variables are undefined until assigned a value. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Hoisting
Prototype in JavaScript is a built-in object mechanism that allows objects to inherit properties and methods from other objects. Every object in JavaScript has a prototype, and prototypal inheritance is used as the foundation for object-oriented programming in JavaScript. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object_prototypes
Event Delegation in JavaScript is a technique where a single event listener is attached to a parent element to handle events for its child elements. This allows for more efficient event handling, especially in cases where many child elements exist or are dynamically added to the DOM. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Events
Event Bubbling in JavaScript is a mechanism where events triggered on a child element propagate upward to its parent elements. In event bubbling, the event starts at the deepest target element and moves up the DOM tree, allowing parent elements to handle events triggered by their children. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Events#bubbling_and_capturing_explained
Event Capturing (or Event Trickle) in JavaScript is the opposite of event bubbling, where the event is captured by the parent element before reaching the child element. The event travels down the DOM tree, starting from the root and reaching the target element. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Events#bubbling_and_capturing_explained
Strict Mode in JavaScript is a way to opt into a restricted version of JavaScript that catches common coding mistakes and prevents the use of unsafe actions like undeclared variables. Strict mode is activated by adding `“use strict”;` at the beginning of a script or function. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Strict_mode
Template Literals are a feature in ES6 that allows multi-line strings and embedding expressions inside string literals using backticks (`) instead of quotes. Template literals enable string interpolation with embedded expressions, making it easier to construct strings with dynamic content. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Template_literals
Destructuring Assignment in JavaScript is a syntax introduced in ES6 that allows unpacking values from arrays or properties from objects into distinct variables. Destructuring simplifies assignments by extracting multiple values in a single statement. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Destructuring_assignment
Rest Parameter in JavaScript allows functions to accept an indefinite number of arguments as an array. The rest parameter is indicated by three dots (`…`) before a variable name, enabling functions to handle more arguments than declared. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/rest_parameters
Spread Operator in JavaScript allows an array or object to be expanded into its individual elements. The spread operator (three dots `…`) is used to copy arrays, merge objects, or pass elements of an array as arguments to a function. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Spread_syntax
Map in JavaScript is a built-in object that holds key-value pairs where keys can be of any type. Unlike regular objects, a map maintains the insertion order of its entries and allows for more efficient retrieval of values, especially when working with non-string keys. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map
Set in JavaScript is a collection of unique values, meaning that no two elements in a set can be the same. Sets are useful when you need to store a list of values and ensure that no duplicates exist, and they provide methods for adding, deleting, and checking for values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set
Modules in JavaScript allow code to be split into separate files and imported as needed. JavaScript modules use the `import` and `export` keywords to share code between files, improving code maintainability, reusability, and organization. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Modules
Let in JavaScript is a block-scoped variable declaration introduced in ES6. Unlike `var`, which is function-scoped, let allows variables to be scoped to the nearest enclosing block, making it more predictable and reducing issues with variable hoisting. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/let
Const in JavaScript declares block-scoped variables that are read-only. Once a const variable is assigned a value, it cannot be reassigned, ensuring that its value remains constant throughout the execution of the program. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/const
This in JavaScript is a keyword that refers to the object from which the current code is being executed. The value of this depends on the context in which a function is called and can vary based on whether a function is invoked as a method, standalone, or bound to another object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/this
Prototype Inheritance in JavaScript allows objects to inherit properties and methods from other objects. Every object in JavaScript has an internal prototype that acts as a reference to another object, enabling prototypal inheritance and reuse of functionality. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Inheritance_and_the_prototype_chain
Async Iterators in JavaScript allow you to iterate over asynchronous data sources, such as network streams or timers, using the `for await…of` loop. Async iterators are similar to synchronous iterators but designed to handle asynchronous operations within a looping structure. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for-await...of
Generators in JavaScript are special functions that can pause execution and return intermediate results using the `yield` keyword. A generator allows a function to be exited and re-entered later, preserving its context and state between executions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Generator
WeakMap in JavaScript is a special type of Map that allows keys to be garbage-collected if they are no longer referenced elsewhere in the code. WeakMap is useful for managing memory efficiently when working with dynamic data structures, as the entries in a WeakMap do not prevent garbage collection. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakMap
WeakSet in JavaScript is similar to Set, but it only holds weak references to objects. Like WeakMap, a WeakSet allows objects to be garbage-collected if they are no longer referenced elsewhere, making it ideal for managing collections of objects without preventing memory cleanup. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakSet
Symbol in JavaScript is a primitive data type introduced in ES6, used to create unique identifiers for object properties. Symbols are guaranteed to be unique and are commonly used to define non-enumerable properties that won't collide with other property names in an object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol
Proxy in JavaScript is an object that wraps another object and intercepts fundamental operations, such as property lookups or function calls. By using a proxy, developers can customize and control the behavior of objects, making them useful for logging, validation, or mocking during testing. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy
Fetch API in JavaScript is a modern interface for making HTTP requests, replacing older technologies like XMLHttpRequest. The Fetch API allows developers to make network requests, handle responses, and work with asynchronous data using promises, making it simpler and more powerful for web development. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format based on a subset of JavaScript syntax. JSON is commonly used for transmitting data between a server and a web application, as it is easy for humans to read and for machines to parse and generate. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON
EventTarget in JavaScript is a DOM interface that represents an object capable of receiving events and dispatching them. Objects like window, document, and individual elements implement the EventTarget interface, allowing them to listen for and respond to events like clicks or keyboard input. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget
Promise.all in JavaScript is a method that allows you to execute multiple promises in parallel and wait until all of them are resolved or any of them is rejected. Promise.all is useful for handling multiple asynchronous operations concurrently while ensuring that all tasks are completed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/all
Promise.race in JavaScript is a method that returns a promise as soon as one of the provided promises resolves or rejects. The Promise.race method is useful when you want to take action based on the first completed task out of multiple asynchronous operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/race
Modules in JavaScript allow code to be split into reusable, self-contained files. Using import and export keywords, developers can create modular code that is easier to manage, maintain, and test, improving overall project organization. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Modules
Timers in JavaScript allow developers to schedule functions to execute after a certain period of time. The most commonly used timer functions are `setTimeout()`, which runs a function once after a delay, and `setInterval()`, which runs a function repeatedly at specified intervals. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/setTimeout
Error Handling in JavaScript is performed using `try…catch` blocks to handle exceptions. Error handling allows developers to catch and manage runtime errors gracefully without crashing the program, ensuring a better user experience in cases where errors occur. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling
Event Listeners in JavaScript are functions that respond to specific events, such as clicks, key presses, or form submissions. By attaching an event listener to a DOM element using `addEventListener()`, developers can specify code to be executed when that event occurs. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventListener
IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression) is a JavaScript function that is defined and executed immediately after its creation. An IIFE is useful for creating a local scope to prevent variables from polluting the global namespace. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/IIFE
Async Function in JavaScript is a function that returns a promise and allows the use of the `await` keyword inside it. Async functions simplify writing asynchronous code by handling the promise resolution or rejection in a more readable and sequential manner. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/async_function
Promise.allSettled in JavaScript is a method that returns a promise that resolves after all the given promises have either resolved or rejected. Unlike Promise.all, it does not short-circuit when a promise is rejected, making Promise.allSettled useful when you need to wait for all operations to complete, regardless of their outcome. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/allSettled
Default Parameters in JavaScript allow developers to initialize function parameters with default values if no argument is passed or if `undefined` is passed as an argument. This feature helps prevent undefined values from causing errors and simplifies function definitions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/Default_parameters
Dynamic Import in JavaScript enables the import of modules dynamically at runtime using the `import()` function. Dynamic import allows code to load modules only when they are needed, improving the performance and reducing the initial loading time of applications. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/import
Strict Equality in JavaScript is performed using the `===` operator, which checks whether two values are exactly the same without performing type conversion. Strict equality avoids the pitfalls of loose equality (`==`), where types can be coerced, leading to unexpected results. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Strict_equality
Currying in JavaScript is a technique where a function takes multiple arguments one at a time, returning a new function for each argument until all are provided. Currying is useful for creating reusable, specialized functions from general-purpose ones. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currying
Event Propagation in JavaScript refers to the order in which events are handled when an event occurs on an element. Event propagation includes both event bubbling and event capturing, determining whether the event is handled by the target element or its ancestors first. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/Events#bubbling_and_capturing_explained
Object Destructuring in JavaScript is a feature that allows you to unpack properties from objects into distinct variables. Object destructuring simplifies assignments by extracting multiple properties in a single statement, making the code more concise and readable. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Destructuring_assignment
Promise Chaining in JavaScript refers to the practice of attaching multiple `.then()` handlers to a promise, where each `.then()` receives the result of the previous one. Promise chaining allows asynchronous operations to be performed in sequence, ensuring that each step is completed before the next begins. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_promises#chaining
Map Object in JavaScript is a collection of key-value pairs where both keys and values can be of any type. Unlike plain objects, map objects maintain the insertion order of their keys, and keys can be non-string types like objects, numbers, or functions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map
SetTimeout in JavaScript is a function that executes a code block or function after a specified amount of time has passed. SetTimeout is commonly used for delaying tasks, creating timers, or scheduling actions to run asynchronously after a delay. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/setTimeout
SetInterval in JavaScript is a function that repeatedly executes a function or code block at specified intervals. Unlike SetTimeout, which only executes once, SetInterval continues to run until it is stopped using `clearInterval()`. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowOrWorkerGlobalScope/setInterval
Fetch in JavaScript is an API used to make network requests to fetch resources. The fetch function returns a promise that resolves when the request completes, making it a modern alternative to the older XMLHttpRequest method for handling HTTP requests. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API
Call in JavaScript is a method available to functions that allows invoking a function with a specified `this` value and arguments provided individually. Call is useful for borrowing functions from other objects and for explicitly setting the context of a function. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/call
Apply in JavaScript is similar to call, but instead of passing arguments individually, apply accepts an array of arguments. It also allows explicit setting of the `this` context and is often used when dealing with arrays of data passed to functions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/apply
Bind in JavaScript is a method that returns a new function with a specified `this` value and initial arguments. Bind allows you to permanently set the value of `this` in a function, creating a copy of the function with a specific context that can be reused later. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/bind
Symbol.iterator in JavaScript is a well-known symbol that defines the default iterator for an object. By implementing the Symbol.iterator method, objects like arrays, maps, or sets can be iterated over using `for…of` loops or other iteration protocols. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/iterator
WeakRef in JavaScript is an object that allows access to another object without preventing it from being garbage collected. WeakRef is useful when you need to reference an object without affecting its lifecycle, as it allows the referenced object to be cleaned up if it is no longer needed elsewhere. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakRef
Intl in JavaScript is an object that provides language-sensitive string comparison, number formatting, and date/time formatting. The Intl API is useful for building applications that need to present information in a localized format based on the user's language or region. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl
BigInt in JavaScript is a numeric data type that allows representation of integers beyond the safe integer limit of Number. BigInt is used for precise arithmetic operations with large numbers that exceed the capacity of 64-bit floating point numbers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt
Array.prototype.map in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array by applying a given function to each element of the original array. Map returns a new array of the same length, with each element being the result of the provided function, without modifying the original array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/map
Array.prototype.filter in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array with all elements that pass the test implemented by the provided function. Filter does not modify the original array but returns a new array with elements that meet the condition specified in the function. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/filter
Array.prototype.reduce in JavaScript is a method that applies a function to an accumulator and each element of an array to reduce it to a single value. Reduce is commonly used for summing values or combining an array into a single object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reduce
Array.prototype.forEach in JavaScript is a method that executes a provided function once for each array element. ForEach is useful for iterating over arrays, though unlike map, it does not return a new array but simply performs the operation on each element. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach
Array.prototype.slice in JavaScript is a method that returns a shallow copy of a portion of an array into a new array object, based on a specified start and end index. Slice does not modify the original array and is useful for extracting parts of an array without altering the original data. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice
Array.prototype.splice in JavaScript is a method that changes the contents of an array by removing, replacing, or adding elements at a specific index. Unlike slice, splice modifies the original array, making it useful for in-place operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice
Array.prototype.concat in JavaScript is a method that merges two or more arrays into a new array. Concat does not modify the original arrays but returns a new array containing the elements of the input arrays. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/concat
Object.freeze in JavaScript is a method that prevents an object from being modified. Once an object is frozen using Object.freeze, no properties can be added, removed, or modified, making it immutable. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/freeze
Object.assign in JavaScript is a method that copies the properties of one or more source objects to a target object. Object.assign is often used to merge objects or create shallow copies of objects. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign
Array.prototype.find in JavaScript is a method that returns the first element in an array that satisfies a provided testing function. Find is useful for searching through an array to locate a specific element that matches a condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/find
Array.prototype.findIndex in JavaScript is a method that returns the index of the first element in an array that satisfies a provided testing function. If no element passes the test, findIndex returns `-1`. This method is useful for determining the position of an element within an array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/findIndex
Array.prototype.flat in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array with all sub-array elements concatenated into it recursively up to the specified depth. Flat is useful for flattening arrays, especially when working with multidimensional arrays. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/flat
Array.prototype.flatMap in JavaScript is a combination of Array.prototype.map and Array.prototype.flat that first maps each element using a function and then flattens the result into a new array. FlatMap is useful for handling arrays with nested data. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/flatMap
Object.create in JavaScript is a method that creates a new object with a specified prototype and optional properties. Object.create allows developers to set up prototypal inheritance in a more controlled and explicit way than using constructors. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/create
Object.keys in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's property names, in the same order as they appear in the object. Object.keys is commonly used to iterate over an object's keys for tasks like object manipulation or property validation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys
Object.values in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's property values. Like Object.keys, Object.values provides a way to extract specific data from an object, enabling iteration over the values stored within the object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/values
Object.entries in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's own enumerable property key-value pairs. Each entry is an array where the first element is the key and the second is the value. Object.entries is useful for converting an object into an array for easier manipulation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/entries
Array.prototype.every in JavaScript is a method that tests whether all elements in an array pass a provided function's test. Every returns `true` if all elements meet the condition and `false` otherwise, making it useful for validating data in arrays. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/every
Array.prototype.some in JavaScript is a method that tests whether at least one element in an array passes a provided function's test. Some returns `true` if any element passes the test and `false` if none do, providing a way to check for the presence of matching elements in an array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/some
Object.freeze in JavaScript prevents an object from being modified. Once frozen, properties cannot be added, removed, or changed. Object.freeze is useful for creating immutable objects that cannot be altered after they are defined. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/freeze
Object.seal in JavaScript is a method that prevents new properties from being added to an object and marks all existing properties as non-configurable. However, unlike Object.freeze, sealed objects' existing property values can still be modified. Object.seal is useful when you want to lock the structure of an object without making it fully immutable. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/seal
Set.has in JavaScript is a method that checks whether a given value exists in a Set. It returns `true` if the value is present and `false` if it is not. Set.has is a useful way to quickly determine whether a value is part of a Set. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/has
Map.prototype.get in JavaScript is a method that returns the value associated with a specific key in a Map. If the key does not exist, it returns `undefined`. Map.get is useful for retrieving values from key-value pairs stored in a Map. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/get
Function.prototype.apply in JavaScript is a method that calls a function with a given `this` value and arguments provided as an array. Apply is useful when invoking functions that take multiple arguments and when you need to control the context in which the function is executed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/apply
Function.prototype.call in JavaScript is a method that calls a function with a specified `this` value and arguments passed individually. Unlike apply, which takes an array of arguments, call allows you to specify arguments directly. It is useful for borrowing methods from other objects or invoking functions with a custom `this` context. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/call
Promise.prototype.catch in JavaScript is a method that handles errors in promises. When a promise is rejected, catch allows you to specify a function to execute in response to the error. This provides a way to handle asynchronous errors gracefully. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/catch
Promise.prototype.finally in JavaScript is a method that executes a function once a promise has either resolved or rejected, regardless of the outcome. Finally is useful for performing cleanup actions or resetting states after an asynchronous operation has completed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/finally
Array.prototype.includes in JavaScript is a method that checks whether an array contains a specific value. It returns `true` if the value is found and `false` if it is not. Includes is useful for determining if a specific element exists in an array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/includes
Intl.DateTimeFormat in JavaScript is an object that enables language-sensitive date and time formatting. Intl.DateTimeFormat is useful for displaying dates and times in a format that matches the user's locale, taking into account regional preferences for date and time representation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/DateTimeFormat
Intl.NumberFormat in JavaScript is an object that provides language-sensitive number formatting. This object allows developers to format numbers as currency, percentages, or decimals based on the locale of the user, ensuring that numerical data is displayed appropriately for different regions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/NumberFormat
Array.prototype.sort in JavaScript is a method that sorts the elements of an array in place and returns the sorted array. By default, sort converts elements to strings and sorts them lexicographically, but you can provide a custom comparison function to sort elements numerically or by other criteria. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/sort
Array.prototype.reverse in JavaScript is a method that reverses the order of elements in an array in place. Reverse modifies the original array and is commonly used in combination with sort or other array methods to achieve specific orderings. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reverse
Date.prototype.getTime in JavaScript is a method that returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970 (the Unix Epoch) for the date object. GetTime is useful for comparing dates or performing calculations based on time intervals. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getTime
JSON.stringify in JavaScript is a method that converts a JavaScript object or value into a JSON string. Stringify is useful for serializing data to send over a network, store in local storage, or pass between JavaScript and other programming languages. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/stringify
JSON.parse in JavaScript is a method that parses a JSON string and constructs the corresponding JavaScript object or value. Parse is commonly used to decode JSON data received from a server or to deserialize previously stored JSON strings. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse
Math.random in JavaScript is a method that returns a pseudo-random number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive). Math.random is often used for generating random values for games, simulations, or other applications that require randomness. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/random
Math.floor in JavaScript is a method that rounds a number downward to the nearest integer. Math.floor is commonly used in conjunction with Math.random to generate random integers within a specified range. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/floor
Math.ceil in JavaScript is a method that rounds a number upward to the nearest integer. Math.ceil is the opposite of Math.floor and is used when you need to round values up, regardless of their decimal portion. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/ceil
Math.max in JavaScript is a method that returns the largest value from a list of numbers. Math.max is useful for determining the maximum value in an array or when comparing multiple numeric values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/max
Math.min in JavaScript is a method that returns the smallest value from a list of numbers. Math.min is the opposite of Math.max and is commonly used to find the minimum value in an array or to compare multiple numeric values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/min
Array.prototype.reduceRight in JavaScript is a method that works similarly to Array.prototype.reduce, but it processes the array from right to left. ReduceRight is useful when you need to combine values in reverse order, such as when constructing a new value or reducing a sequence of operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reduceRight
Array.prototype.copyWithin in JavaScript is a method that copies part of an array to another location within the same array, without modifying its length. CopyWithin is useful for shifting elements around in an array without creating a new one. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/copyWithin
Array.prototype.fill in JavaScript is a method that changes all elements in an array to a static value, from a start index to an end index. Fill can be used to populate an array with identical values or to reset sections of an array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/fill
Array.prototype.from in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array from an array-like or iterable object. From is commonly used to convert objects such as NodeLists or Sets into regular arrays for easier manipulation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from
WeakMap.prototype.set in JavaScript is a method that adds or updates an element in a WeakMap with a specified key-value pair. WeakMap holds weak references to its keys, meaning the key can be garbage collected if it is no longer referenced elsewhere. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakMap/set
Object.defineProperty in JavaScript is a method that defines a new property or modifies an existing property on an object, with configurable settings like `writable`, `enumerable`, and `configurable`. DefineProperty is useful for creating more controlled and restricted object properties. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/defineProperty
Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors in JavaScript is a method that returns an object containing all property descriptors of a given object's own properties. GetOwnPropertyDescriptors is useful when copying or manipulating objects with precise control over their properties. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/getOwnPropertyDescriptors
Function.prototype.toString in JavaScript is a method that returns a string representing the source code of a function. ToString is helpful for debugging, inspecting, or evaluating the content of a function as text. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/toString
String.prototype.split in JavaScript is a method that divides a string into an array of substrings based on a specified delimiter. Split is commonly used for parsing strings, breaking them down into individual words or components based on spaces or other separators. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/split
String.prototype.replace in JavaScript is a method that returns a new string with some or all matches of a pattern replaced by a specified replacement. Replace is useful for modifying or transforming strings based on regular expressions or direct matches. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace
Array.prototype.every in JavaScript is a method that tests whether all elements in an array pass a provided function's test. Every returns `true` if all elements meet the condition and `false` otherwise, making it useful for validation across arrays. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/every
Array.prototype.some in JavaScript is a method that tests whether at least one element in an array passes a provided function's test. Some returns `true` if any element passes the test, providing a way to check for the presence of at least one matching element. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/some
Array.prototype.indexOf in JavaScript is a method that returns the first index at which a given element can be found in an array. If the element is not present, indexOf returns `-1`. It is useful for searching for elements in an array by their value. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/indexOf
Array.prototype.lastIndexOf in JavaScript is similar to indexOf, but it returns the last index at which a given element can be found in an array, searching backward from the end. LastIndexOf is useful for finding the position of elements in arrays where duplicates exist. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/lastIndexOf
String.prototype.charAt in JavaScript is a method that returns the character at a specified index in a string. CharAt is commonly used to access individual characters from strings for manipulation or inspection. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/charAt
String.prototype.charCodeAt in JavaScript is a method that returns the Unicode value of the character at a specified index in a string. CharCodeAt is useful for processing characters at the byte level or for encoding text. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/charCodeAt
String.prototype.trim in JavaScript is a method that removes whitespace from both ends of a string. Trim is useful for cleaning up user input or strings before processing. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/trim
String.prototype.includes in JavaScript is a method that checks whether one string contains another substring. It returns `true` if the substring is found and `false` if it is not, making includes a simple and effective way to search for substrings. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/includes
String.prototype.startsWith in JavaScript is a method that checks whether a string begins with a specified substring. StartsWith is useful for validating or filtering text input based on prefixes. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/startsWith
String.prototype.endsWith in JavaScript is a method that checks whether a string ends with a specified substring. EndsWith is useful for validation tasks, such as checking file extensions or domain names in URLs. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/endsWith
String.prototype.padStart in JavaScript is a method that pads the current string with another string until the resulting string reaches a specified length. PadStart is useful for formatting numbers or strings to have a fixed width by adding leading characters. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/padStart
String.prototype.padEnd in JavaScript is a method that pads the current string with another string until it reaches the specified length. PadEnd is used to add characters to the end of a string, which can be useful for formatting output, such as creating tables. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/padEnd
Array.prototype.findLast in JavaScript is a method that returns the value of the last element in an array that satisfies a provided testing function. FindLast is similar to find but searches the array in reverse order. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/findLast
Array.prototype.findLastIndex in JavaScript is a method that returns the index of the last element in an array that satisfies the provided testing function. FindLastIndex searches the array from right to left, returning `-1` if no element passes the test. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/findLastIndex
Array.prototype.shift in JavaScript is a method that removes the first element from an array and returns that element. Shift modifies the array by reducing its length by one, making it useful for dequeuing operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/shift
Array.prototype.unshift in JavaScript is a method that adds one or more elements to the beginning of an array and returns the new length of the array. Unshift is useful for prepending values to an array, especially when building a queue or stack. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/unshift
String.prototype.repeat in JavaScript is a method that constructs and returns a new string that consists of the original string repeated a specified number of times. Repeat is useful for generating patterns or for repeated formatting tasks. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/repeat
Array.prototype.join in JavaScript is a method that joins all elements of an array into a single string, separated by a specified separator. Join is useful for creating delimited strings, such as converting arrays into comma-separated values (CSV). https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/join
String.prototype.localeCompare in JavaScript is a method that compares two strings in a locale-sensitive manner and returns a number indicating their order. LocaleCompare is useful for sorting strings according to the rules of a particular language or region. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/localeCompare
Object.is in JavaScript is a method that determines whether two values are the same. Unlike the `===` operator, Object.is does not consider `-0` and `+0` to be the same and treats `NaN` as equal to itself, making it more precise for certain comparisons. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/is
Array.prototype.pop in JavaScript is a method that removes the last element from an array and returns that element. Pop modifies the original array, reducing its length by one, and is commonly used for stack operations where elements are removed from the end of the array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/pop
Array.prototype.push in JavaScript is a method that adds one or more elements to the end of an array and returns the new length of the array. Push modifies the original array and is often used to append new items to a list or stack. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push
Object.hasOwnProperty in JavaScript is a method that checks whether an object has a specific property as its own (not inherited) property. HasOwnProperty is useful for distinguishing between a property that belongs to the object itself and one that it inherits from its prototype. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/hasOwnProperty
Function.prototype.bind in JavaScript is a method that creates a new function with a specific `this` value and initial arguments. Bind allows functions to be invoked later with preset values, making it useful for callbacks or event handling where context and arguments need to be retained. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/bind
Object.prototype.toString in JavaScript is a method that returns a string representing the object. The toString method is often overridden in custom objects to provide a more useful or readable string representation, especially for debugging. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/toString
Object.prototype.valueOf in JavaScript is a method that returns the primitive value of a specified object. ValueOf is primarily used internally by JavaScript when converting an object to a primitive value, such as when performing arithmetic operations or comparisons. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/valueOf
Error.prototype.message in JavaScript is a property that holds the error message associated with an error object. When an error is thrown, message provides details about the error, making it essential for debugging and error handling in try-catch blocks. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/message
Array.prototype.slice in JavaScript is a method that returns a shallow copy of a portion of an array into a new array object. The start and end parameters specify where to slice the array, and slice is useful for creating subarrays without modifying the original array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice
Date.prototype.toISOString in JavaScript is a method that returns a string in ISO 8601 format, representing the date and time of a Date object in UTC. ToISOString is often used when transmitting dates over the web or for storing dates in a standard format. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toISOString
RegExp.prototype.test in JavaScript is a method that tests for a match between a regular expression and a string. Test returns `true` if the regular expression matches the string and `false` otherwise, making it useful for validating patterns, such as checking email formats or phone numbers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/test
Array.prototype.sort in JavaScript is a method that sorts the elements of an array in place and returns the sorted array. Sort can accept a comparison function to specify how the elements should be ordered. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/sort
Array.prototype.concat in JavaScript is a method that merges two or more arrays into a new array without changing the original arrays. Concat is useful for combining multiple arrays or adding new elements to an existing array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/concat
Date.prototype.getFullYear in JavaScript is a method that returns the year of a given date according to local time. GetFullYear provides the four-digit year of the date, making it a common way to retrieve the year from a Date object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getFullYear
Date.prototype.getMonth in JavaScript is a method that returns the month of a date as a zero-based value (0 for January, 1 for February, etc.). GetMonth is used for working with dates in JavaScript and adjusting them based on the month. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getMonth
Date.prototype.getDate in JavaScript is a method that returns the day of the month (1–31) for the specified date according to local time. GetDate is used to extract the day of the month from a Date object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getDate
Object.entries in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's own enumerable property key-value pairs. Entries is useful for converting an object into an array of key-value pairs, making it easier to manipulate or iterate over. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/entries
Object.values in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's own enumerable property values. Values allows for easy extraction of the values in an object, making it simple to work with those values in an array format. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/values
Object.getOwnPropertyNames in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of all properties found directly in a given object, including non-enumerable properties. GetOwnPropertyNames is useful for retrieving a comprehensive list of all properties of an object, even those that aren't iterated in loops. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/getOwnPropertyNames
Function.prototype.name in JavaScript is a property that returns the name of the function. Name is particularly helpful for debugging and logging purposes when you need to know which function is being referenced or executed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/name
String.prototype.toUpperCase in JavaScript is a method that returns the calling string converted to uppercase. ToUpperCase is useful for formatting text or ensuring case-insensitive comparisons. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toUpperCase
String.prototype.toLowerCase in JavaScript is a method that returns the calling string converted to lowercase. ToLowerCase is useful for formatting text consistently or making case-insensitive comparisons. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toLowerCase
Array.prototype.includes in JavaScript is a method that checks if an array contains a specific value and returns `true` if found, `false` otherwise. Includes is often used to determine if an element exists in an array without needing to manually loop through it. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/includes
Object.freeze in JavaScript is a method that prevents an object from being modified. Once an object is frozen using Object.freeze, properties cannot be added, removed, or changed, making it immutable. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/freeze
Object.seal in JavaScript is a method that prevents new properties from being added to an object but allows modification of existing properties. Seal is useful when you want to lock the structure of an object but still allow property updates. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/seal
String.prototype.replaceAll in JavaScript is a method that returns a new string with all occurrences of a specified pattern replaced by a replacement string. ReplaceAll is commonly used to modify all instances of a substring in a string at once. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replaceAll
Array.prototype.filter in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array with all elements that pass a test provided by a function. Filter is useful for creating a subset of an array based on specific conditions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/filter
Array.prototype.map in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array by applying a given function to each element of the original array. Map is useful for transforming each element in an array while maintaining the same structure. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/map
Array.prototype.reduce in JavaScript is a method that executes a reducer function on each element of the array, resulting in a single output value. Reduce is useful for aggregating array data, such as calculating sums or building composite objects. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reduce
Array.prototype.every in JavaScript is a method that tests whether all elements in an array pass a provided function’s test. Every returns `true` if all elements meet the condition, and `false` otherwise, making it useful for validation tasks. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/every
Array.prototype.some in JavaScript is a method that tests whether at least one element in an array passes a provided function’s test. Some is often used to check if any elements meet a condition without requiring all elements to do so. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/some
Array.prototype.entries in JavaScript is a method that returns a new Array Iterator object containing key-value pairs for each index in the array. Entries is useful when you need both the index and the value during iteration. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/entries
Array.prototype.keys in JavaScript is a method that returns a new Array Iterator object containing the keys (indexes) for each element in the array. Keys is useful when you want to iterate over an array’s indexes rather than its values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/keys
Array.prototype.values in JavaScript is a method that returns a new Array Iterator object containing the values for each index in the array. Values allows for iterating over an array’s elements directly, rather than using the index or key-value pairs. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/values
Array.prototype.copyWithin in JavaScript is a method that shallow copies part of an array to another location in the same array without modifying its length. CopyWithin is useful for reordering elements within an array without creating a new array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/copyWithin
Array.prototype.fill in JavaScript is a method that fills all elements in an array with a static value from a start index to an end index. Fill is commonly used to populate or reset an array with specific values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/fill
Date.prototype.getDay in JavaScript is a method that returns the day of the week for a specified date, as an integer between 0 (Sunday) and 6 (Saturday). GetDay is useful for handling operations that depend on the day of the week. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getDay
Date.prototype.getHours in JavaScript is a method that returns the hour for a specified date according to local time, as a number between 0 and 23. GetHours is useful for time-based calculations and formatting. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getHours
Date.prototype.getMinutes in JavaScript is a method that returns the minutes (0–59) for a specified date according to local time. GetMinutes is commonly used in conjunction with other date and time methods for formatting times. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/getMinutes
String.prototype.slice in JavaScript is a method that extracts a section of a string and returns it as a new string, without modifying the original string. Slice is useful for extracting substrings based on start and end indices. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/slice
RegExp.prototype.exec in JavaScript is a method that executes a search for a match in a specified string. It returns an array containing the matched results or `null` if no match is found. Exec is particularly useful for retrieving detailed match information using regular expressions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/exec
Array.prototype.flat in JavaScript is a method that creates a new array with all sub-array elements concatenated into it recursively up to a specified depth. Flat is useful for flattening nested arrays into a single-level array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/flat
Array.prototype.flatMap in JavaScript is a method that first maps each element using a function and then flattens the result into a new array. FlatMap is useful for handling arrays with nested structures and applying transformations in one step. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/flatMap
Intl.Collator in JavaScript is an object that enables language-sensitive string comparison. Collator is useful for sorting strings according to the rules of a specific locale, making it ideal for internationalization. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/Collator
Intl.DateTimeFormat in JavaScript is an object that provides language-sensitive date and time formatting. DateTimeFormat is useful for displaying dates and times in a format that matches the user's locale. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/DateTimeFormat
Intl.NumberFormat in JavaScript is an object that provides language-sensitive number formatting. NumberFormat is useful for formatting numbers as currency, percentages, or decimals based on a user's locale. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/NumberFormat
Symbol.iterator in JavaScript is a well-known symbol that specifies the default iterator for an object. Implementing Symbol.iterator allows objects to define how they should be iterated in loops such as `for…of`. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/iterator
Symbol.asyncIterator in JavaScript is a well-known symbol that defines the default asynchronous iterator for an object. Objects implementing Symbol.asyncIterator can be iterated asynchronously using `for await…of` loops, making it ideal for streaming data. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/asyncIterator
Reflect.get in JavaScript is a method that returns the value of a property on an object. Reflect.get is part of the Reflect API, which provides methods for performing low-level operations on objects. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/get
Reflect.set in JavaScript is a method that assigns a value to a property on an object. Reflect.set is part of the Reflect API and is used to change or add properties to objects in a more controlled way. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/set
Proxy in JavaScript is a JavaScript object that wraps another object and intercepts fundamental operations such as property access and assignment. A Proxy allows for customizing the behavior of an object, making it useful for validation, logging, or access control. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy
Promise.resolve in JavaScript is a method that returns a Promise object that is resolved with a given value. If the value is already a promise, it is returned as-is; otherwise, the value is wrapped in a resolved promise. Promise.resolve is useful for ensuring that a value is treated as a promise. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/resolve
Promise.reject in JavaScript is a method that returns a Promise object that is rejected with a given reason. Promise.reject is useful for creating promises that fail immediately with an error message or cause. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/reject
WeakSet in JavaScript is a collection of unique object references that allows objects to be garbage collected when no other references exist. WeakSet is useful for tracking objects without preventing them from being collected when no longer needed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakSet
WeakMap in JavaScript is a collection of key-value pairs where the keys must be objects and are held weakly, allowing garbage collection if the keys have no other references. WeakMap is useful for storing metadata or tracking data associated with objects without affecting their lifecycle. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakMap
DataView in JavaScript is a low-level interface that provides a way to read and write multiple number types in a binary buffer. DataView is useful for handling raw binary data, particularly when interacting with ArrayBuffers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DataView
SharedArrayBuffer in JavaScript is a memory buffer that can be shared between web workers and the main thread, allowing concurrent access. SharedArrayBuffer is useful for performance-intensive tasks that require shared memory, like manipulating large datasets or working with multimedia. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SharedArrayBuffer
BigInt in JavaScript is a data type used to represent integers with arbitrary precision. BigInt is useful for handling very large integers beyond the safe range of the Number type, enabling accurate calculations with large numbers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt
Atomics in JavaScript is an object that provides atomic operations for shared memory. Atomics allows for safe and predictable manipulation of shared data across multiple threads, making it essential for concurrent programming in JavaScript. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Atomics
Symbol in JavaScript is a unique and immutable primitive value that can be used as the key for object properties. Symbols are often used to create unique keys that won't conflict with existing property names. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol
EvalError in JavaScript is an error object that is thrown when the eval function is used improperly. While modern JavaScript engines rarely throw this error, it is part of the standard error types in the language and is used to indicate issues related to the use of eval. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/EvalError
ReferenceError in JavaScript is an error thrown when trying to access a variable that is not defined. This typically occurs when a variable is referenced before it is declared or outside its scope. ReferenceError helps catch issues with undefined variables during runtime. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ReferenceError
TypeError in JavaScript is an error that occurs when a value is not of the expected type. For example, attempting to call a non-function or accessing a property on `undefined` will result in a TypeError. This helps in debugging issues related to incorrect data types. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypeError
RangeError in JavaScript is thrown when a value is not within an allowable range. For instance, calling a method that expects a number within a certain range, like `Array.length`, with an invalid value will trigger a RangeError. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RangeError
SyntaxError in JavaScript is thrown when the code does not follow proper syntax rules of the language. This error is typically raised during the parsing stage, for example, if a closing bracket is missing or a reserved keyword is misused. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SyntaxError
URIError in JavaScript is an error thrown when invalid characters are used in encoding or decoding URI components. Functions like `encodeURI` or `decodeURIComponent` will raise a URIError when provided with malformed inputs. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/URIError
Eval in JavaScript is a function that evaluates JavaScript code represented as a string. Though powerful, eval is discouraged due to security and performance risks, as it executes arbitrary code, making it vulnerable to injection attacks. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/eval
isNaN in JavaScript is a function that determines whether a value is NaN (Not-a-Number). isNaN is used to check if a value is not a legal number, which helps in handling invalid numeric calculations or conversions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/isNaN
Number.isFinite in JavaScript is a method that determines whether a value is a finite number. Unlike the global `isFinite` function, Number.isFinite does not coerce the argument to a number, making it more precise for number validation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isFinite
Number.isNaN in JavaScript is a method that determines whether a value is exactly NaN. This method differs from the global `isNaN`, as it does not coerce the value to a number, ensuring stricter and more predictable checks. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isNaN
String.prototype.match in JavaScript is a method that retrieves the result of matching a string against a regular expression. Match is useful for finding patterns in strings or extracting parts of a string based on a given pattern. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/match
String.prototype.matchAll in JavaScript is a method that returns an iterator of all matched results in a string against a regular expression, including capturing groups. MatchAll is useful when you need detailed match information across multiple matches. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/matchAll
String.prototype.search in JavaScript is a method that executes a search for a match between a regular expression and the calling string. Search returns the index of the first match, or `-1` if no match is found. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/search
String.prototype.substr in JavaScript is a method that returns a portion of the string, starting at a specified index and extending for a given number of characters. Substr is often used for extracting parts of a string, though it is considered a legacy feature. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/substr
String.prototype.substring in JavaScript is a method that returns a part of the string between two indices. Unlike substr, substring does not accept a length but rather a start and end index, making it useful for extracting specific parts of a string. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/substring
String.prototype.replace in JavaScript is a method that returns a new string with some or all matches of a pattern replaced by a replacement. Replace is useful for modifying strings based on a pattern, whether using direct strings or regular expressions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace
String.prototype.codePointAt in JavaScript is a method that returns a non-negative integer representing the Unicode code point of the character at a given position. CodePointAt is useful for working with Unicode characters beyond the basic multilingual plane. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/codePointAt
String.prototype.startsWith in JavaScript is a method that determines whether a string begins with the characters of a specified substring. StartsWith is useful for validating string input based on prefixes. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/startsWith
String.prototype.endsWith in JavaScript is a method that determines whether a string ends with the characters of a specified substring. EndsWith is often used for validating input or checking file extensions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/endsWith
String.prototype.trimStart in JavaScript is a method that removes whitespace from the beginning of a string. TrimStart is useful when processing or normalizing user input that might contain leading spaces. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/trimStart
String.prototype.trimEnd in JavaScript is a method that removes whitespace from the end of a string. TrimEnd is useful for cleaning up trailing spaces in strings, especially in user input or formatted output. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/trimEnd
String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase in JavaScript is a method that converts a string to lowercase according to any locale-specific case mappings. ToLocaleLowerCase is useful for ensuring correct case conversion in languages with special rules for character casing. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toLocaleLowerCase
String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase in JavaScript is a method that converts a string to uppercase according to locale-specific case mappings. ToLocaleUpperCase is useful for accurately converting strings to uppercase in languages where casing rules differ from English. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toLocaleUpperCase
Array.prototype.forEach in JavaScript is a method that executes a provided function once for each array element. ForEach is useful for iterating over arrays when you don't need a returned value, such as when performing actions or side effects. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/forEach
Array.prototype.some in JavaScript is a method that tests whether at least one element in an array passes the test implemented by a provided function. Some is useful when you need to check if any elements in an array meet a particular condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/some
Array.prototype.every in JavaScript is a method that tests whether all elements in an array pass a test implemented by a provided function. Every is useful for validation tasks, where every element must meet a condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/every
Array.prototype.find in JavaScript is a method that returns the value of the first element in an array that satisfies a provided testing function. Find is useful when searching for a specific element in an array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/find
Array.prototype.findIndex in JavaScript is a method that returns the index of the first element in an array that satisfies a provided testing function. FindIndex is useful for locating the position of an element in an array based on a condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/findIndex
Map.prototype.set in JavaScript is a method that adds or updates an element in a Map object with a specified key and value. Set is useful for creating key-value pairs in a Map, allowing efficient data storage and retrieval. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/set
Map.prototype.delete in JavaScript is a method that removes a specified key-value pair from a Map object. Delete is useful for removing specific elements from a Map without affecting other key-value pairs. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/delete
Map.prototype.clear in JavaScript is a method that removes all key-value pairs from a Map object. Clear is useful when you need to reset a Map or remove all its elements at once. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/clear
Map.prototype.keys in JavaScript is a method that returns a new iterator object containing the keys for each element in a Map. Keys is useful for iterating over or extracting all the keys in a Map. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/keys
Map.prototype.values in JavaScript is a method that returns a new iterator object containing the values for each element in a Map. Values is useful for iterating over or extracting all the values in a Map. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/values
Map.prototype.entries in JavaScript is a method that returns a new iterator object containing an array of `[key, value]` for each element in a Map. Entries is useful for iterating over key-value pairs in a Map. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Map/entries
Set.prototype.add in JavaScript is a method that adds a new element with a specified value to a Set. Add is useful for adding unique values to a Set, as duplicate values are not allowed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/add
Set.prototype.has in JavaScript is a method that checks if a Set contains a specific value. Has returns `true` if the value exists in the Set and `false` otherwise, making it useful for membership tests. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/has
Set.prototype.delete in JavaScript is a method that removes a specified element from a Set. Delete is useful for removing elements from a Set without affecting the other elements. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/delete
Set.prototype.clear in JavaScript is a method that removes all elements from a Set. Clear is useful for resetting a Set or removing all its values in one operation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/clear
Promise.prototype.then in JavaScript is a method that adds fulfillment and rejection handlers to a promise. Then is used to handle the success or failure of an asynchronous operation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/then
Promise.prototype.catch in JavaScript is a method that adds a rejection handler to a promise. Catch is useful for handling errors in asynchronous operations or chains of promises. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/catch
Promise.all in JavaScript is a method that takes an array of promises and returns a single promise that resolves when all of the promises in the array have resolved. Promise.all is useful when you need to wait for multiple asynchronous operations to complete. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/all
Promise.race in JavaScript is a method that takes an array of promises and returns a promise that resolves or rejects as soon as the first promise in the array resolves or rejects. Promise.race is useful when you want to respond to the first completed asynchronous operation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/race
Promise.allSettled in JavaScript is a method that returns a promise that resolves after all the given promises have either resolved or rejected. AllSettled is useful when you want to wait for all promises to settle, regardless of whether they succeeded or failed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/allSettled
WeakRef in JavaScript is a class that creates a weak reference to an object, allowing the object to be garbage collected if there are no other strong references to it. WeakRef is useful for handling memory efficiently in certain use cases without preventing garbage collection. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/WeakRef
FinalizationRegistry in JavaScript is a mechanism for performing cleanup tasks when an object is garbage collected. FinalizationRegistry is useful for managing resources such as memory or file handles when the associated object is no longer in use. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/FinalizationRegistry
Intl.Collator in JavaScript is an object that provides language-sensitive string comparison. Collator is useful for sorting strings based on locale-specific rules, making it a key tool for internationalization. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/Collator
Intl.RelativeTimeFormat in JavaScript is an object that enables language-sensitive formatting of relative time, such as “3 days ago” or “in 2 hours.” RelativeTimeFormat is useful for presenting time differences in a user-friendly and localized way. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/RelativeTimeFormat
Intl.PluralRules in JavaScript is an object that provides locale-sensitive pluralization rules. PluralRules helps format plural forms of words based on a given number, which is especially useful for supporting multiple languages. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/PluralRules
Intl.NumberFormat in JavaScript is a method that provides language-sensitive number formatting, allowing for currency, percentage, or plain number formatting based on the locale. NumberFormat is essential for formatting numbers in user interfaces for different regions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/NumberFormat
Intl.DateTimeFormat in JavaScript is a method that formats dates and times based on the user's locale. DateTimeFormat is useful for ensuring that dates are presented in a familiar and culturally appropriate way. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/DateTimeFormat
Intl.ListFormat in JavaScript is an object that formats lists of items according to locale-specific conventions. ListFormat is used for creating grammatically correct lists such as “apples, oranges, and bananas” in the user's language. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/ListFormat
Reflect.construct in JavaScript is a method that works like the `new` operator but allows you to specify the target constructor and arguments. Construct is useful when you need to dynamically call a constructor, especially in scenarios like inheritance or custom object creation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/construct
Reflect.apply in JavaScript is a method that calls a function with a specified `this` value and arguments provided as an array. Apply is useful when you want to invoke a function while controlling the context and passing dynamic arguments. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/apply
Reflect.deleteProperty in JavaScript is a method that works like the `delete` operator, removing a property from an object. DeleteProperty is useful for ensuring a property is removed, while also returning a boolean value indicating success or failure. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/deleteProperty
Array.prototype.reverse in JavaScript is a method that reverses the order of elements in an array in place. Reverse is useful for reversing the order of elements, particularly when combined with other sorting or manipulation operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reverse
Array.prototype.splice in JavaScript is a method that changes the contents of an array by removing, replacing, or adding elements. Splice is useful for modifying arrays in place, such as deleting or inserting elements at specific positions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice
Array.prototype.slice in JavaScript is a method that returns a shallow copy of a portion of an array into a new array object, based on a start and end index. Slice is useful for creating subarrays without modifying the original array. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice
Object.create in JavaScript is a method that creates a new object with a specified prototype and optional properties. Create is useful for inheritance, allowing one object to serve as a prototype for others. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/create
Object.assign in JavaScript is a method that copies the values of all enumerable properties from one or more source objects to a target object. Assign is useful for merging objects or cloning the properties of one object into another. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign
Object.preventExtensions in JavaScript is a method that prevents new properties from being added to an object. PreventExtensions is useful when you want to lock down the structure of an object while still allowing changes to existing properties. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/preventExtensions
Function.prototype.toString in JavaScript is a method that returns a string representing the source code of a function. ToString is useful for debugging or inspecting functions, as it allows you to view the exact code contained within a function. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/toString
Reflect.ownKeys in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of the target object's own property keys, including both enumerable and non-enumerable keys. OwnKeys is useful for retrieving all properties of an object, including Symbols and non-enumerable properties. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/ownKeys
Reflect.has in JavaScript is a method that checks if a property exists on an object, similar to the `in` operator. Has is useful for determining whether an object contains a particular property without directly accessing the object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/has
Function.prototype.apply in JavaScript is a method that calls a function with a given `this` value and arguments provided as an array. Apply is useful when you want to call a function and pass arguments dynamically. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/apply
Function.prototype.call in JavaScript is a method that calls a function with a specific `this` value and arguments provided individually. Call is used to invoke a function with a custom context and is especially useful in method borrowing. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/call
Array.prototype.every in JavaScript is a method that tests whether all elements in an array pass a provided function's test. Every returns `true` if all elements meet the condition, making it useful for validation across arrays. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/every
Array.prototype.some in JavaScript is a method that tests whether at least one element in an array passes a provided function's test. Some is useful when checking if any element in an array satisfies a specific condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/some
Array.prototype.reduce in JavaScript is a method that applies a function against an accumulator and each element in the array to reduce it to a single value. Reduce is often used for summing, averaging, or accumulating data. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reduce
Array.prototype.reduceRight in JavaScript is a method that works like reduce, but it processes the array from right to left. ReduceRight is useful when you need to combine values in reverse order. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/reduceRight
Object.isFrozen in JavaScript is a method that checks if an object is frozen. Frozen objects, created using Object.freeze, cannot have new properties added, and existing properties cannot be modified or deleted. IsFrozen is useful for checking the immutability of an object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/isFrozen
Object.isSealed in JavaScript is a method that checks whether an object is sealed. A sealed object cannot have new properties added, but existing properties can still be modified. IsSealed is useful for ensuring an object's structure is locked down. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/isSealed
Object.isExtensible in JavaScript is a method that checks if an object is extensible, meaning whether new properties can be added to it. IsExtensible is useful for determining if an object can be modified or if its structure is fixed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/isExtensible
Object.keys in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's own enumerable property names. Keys is useful for retrieving the names of an object's properties for iteration or manipulation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys
Object.values in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's own enumerable property values. Values allows you to extract the values from an object, useful for working with the data contained in an object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/values
Object.entries in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of a given object's own enumerable property `[key, value]` pairs. Entries is useful for converting an object into an array of key-value pairs, making it easier to iterate over. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/entries
Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor in JavaScript is a method that returns a property descriptor for a specified property on an object. GetOwnPropertyDescriptor is useful for inspecting property attributes such as `writable`, `enumerable`, and `configurable`. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/getOwnPropertyDescriptor
Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors in JavaScript is a method that returns all own property descriptors of a given object. GetOwnPropertyDescriptors is useful for cloning or manipulating objects with full control over property attributes. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/getOwnPropertyDescriptors
Symbol.for in JavaScript is a method that returns a symbol associated with a given key from the global symbol registry. If the key doesn't exist, for creates a new symbol and registers it. This method is useful for creating globally shared symbols. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/for
Symbol.keyFor in JavaScript is a method that retrieves the key associated with a global symbol in the global symbol registry. KeyFor is useful for reverse-lookup of symbols created using Symbol.for. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/keyFor
Proxy.revocable in JavaScript is a method that creates a Proxy object along with a revocation function that can later invalidate the Proxy. Revocable is useful when you need a Proxy that can be disabled dynamically. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy/revocable
Function.prototype.bind in JavaScript is a method that creates a new function that, when called, has its `this` keyword set to a specific value. Bind is useful for creating functions with preset `this` values or arguments. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/bind
Symbol.iterator in JavaScript is a well-known symbol that defines the default iterator for an object. Objects that implement Symbol.iterator can be iterated over using the `for…of` loop. This is useful for custom objects that need to define their own iteration behavior. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/iterator
Symbol.toStringTag in JavaScript is a well-known symbol that is used to customize the default description of an object when `Object.prototype.toString` is called. ToStringTag is useful for making objects display more meaningful type information when inspected. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/toStringTag
Symbol.toPrimitive in JavaScript is a symbol that specifies a function to convert an object to a primitive value. ToPrimitive is useful when you want to control how objects behave when used in arithmetic or string concatenation operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Symbol/toPrimitive
String.prototype.at in JavaScript is a method that returns the character at a specified index, supporting negative integers to count from the end of the string. At is useful for easily accessing string characters, especially from the end of a string. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/at
String.prototype.codePointAt in JavaScript is a method that returns a non-negative integer representing the Unicode code point value of the character at a specified position. CodePointAt is useful for working with characters outside the basic multilingual plane. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/codePointAt
Array.prototype.find in JavaScript is a method that returns the value of the first element in an array that satisfies the provided testing function. Find is useful when searching for a particular element based on a condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/find
Array.prototype.findIndex in JavaScript is a method that returns the index of the first element in an array that satisfies the provided testing function. FindIndex is useful for finding the position of an element that meets a particular condition. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/findIndex
Number.isInteger in JavaScript is a method that determines whether the provided value is an integer. IsInteger is useful for validating numeric input to ensure it is an integer before proceeding with calculations or operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isInteger
Number.isSafeInteger in JavaScript is a method that determines whether the provided value is a safe integer. A safe integer is a number that can be exactly represented as a JavaScript number without rounding errors. IsSafeInteger is useful for checking large numbers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isSafeInteger
BigInt.asIntN in JavaScript is a method that wraps a BigInt to fit within the specified number of bits and treats it as a signed integer. AsIntN is useful for working with large numbers within a specified range of bits. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt/asIntN
BigInt.asUintN in JavaScript is a method that wraps a BigInt to fit within the specified number of bits and treats it as an unsigned integer. AsUintN is useful for working with large numbers within a fixed bit-width range, treating them as positive values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/BigInt/asUintN
Math.sign in JavaScript is a method that returns the sign of a number, indicating whether the number is positive, negative, or zero. Sign is useful for quickly determining the polarity of a number in mathematical computations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/sign
Math.trunc in JavaScript is a method that returns the integer part of a number by removing any fractional digits. Trunc is useful for discarding the decimal portion of a number without rounding, making it helpful for certain calculations where rounding is not desired. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/trunc
Math.cbrt in JavaScript is a method that returns the cube root of a number. Cbrt is useful in mathematical calculations that require finding the cube root of positive or negative numbers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/cbrt
Math.hypot in JavaScript is a method that returns the square root of the sum of the squares of its arguments. Hypot is useful for calculating the Euclidean distance between points in multidimensional space. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/hypot
Math.imul in JavaScript is a method that performs 32-bit integer multiplication, useful when dealing with performance-sensitive calculations involving large numbers. Imul allows for faster, more accurate integer multiplication within 32-bit constraints. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/imul
Math.expm1 in JavaScript is a method that returns `exp(x) - 1`, where `exp(x)` is Euler's number raised to the power of `x`. Expm1 is useful for calculations involving small values of `x`, where directly computing `exp(x) - 1` can result in a loss of precision. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/expm1
Math.log1p in JavaScript is a method that returns the natural logarithm of `1 + x`. Log1p is useful for calculating logarithms when the value of `x` is near zero, which can improve precision in mathematical operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/log1p
Math.fround in JavaScript is a method that returns the nearest 32-bit single-precision float representation of a number. Fround is useful for working with floating-point numbers in applications that require precise 32-bit floating-point arithmetic. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/fround
Math.clz32 in JavaScript is a method that returns the number of leading zero bits in the 32-bit binary representation of a number. Clz32 is useful for bit-level operations and optimization tasks that involve counting leading zeros. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/clz32
Math.log2 in JavaScript is a method that returns the base-2 logarithm of a number. Log2 is useful for finding the power of 2 that a number represents, which is often needed in computer science and binary calculations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/log2
Math.log10 in JavaScript is a method that returns the base-10 logarithm of a number. Log10 is useful for logarithmic scaling and calculations, especially when dealing with powers of 10, such as in scientific notation. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/log10
Math.sinh in JavaScript is a method that returns the hyperbolic sine of a number. Sinh is useful in mathematical calculations involving hyperbolic trigonometry, often found in engineering and physics. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/sinh
Math.cosh in JavaScript is a method that returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number. Cosh is used in computations involving hyperbolic functions, commonly found in areas such as physics and calculus. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/cosh
Math.tanh in JavaScript is a method that returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number. Tanh is useful in mathematical applications that require the hyperbolic tangent, such as in solving differential equations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/tanh
Math.asinh in JavaScript is a method that returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number. Asinh is useful for solving equations involving the hyperbolic sine and is commonly used in advanced math and engineering. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/asinh
Math.acosh in JavaScript is a method that returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. Acosh is often used in advanced mathematics and physics when working with hyperbolic functions. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/acosh
Math.atanh in JavaScript is a method that returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. Atanh is useful in fields such as calculus and geometry where inverse hyperbolic functions are necessary. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/atanh
Math.random in JavaScript is a method that returns a pseudo-random floating-point number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive). Random is useful for generating random values in simulations, games, or any application where randomness is needed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/random
Math.max in JavaScript is a method that returns the largest of the given numbers. Max is useful when comparing multiple values to determine the highest value in a set of numbers. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/max
Math.min in JavaScript is a method that returns the smallest of the given numbers. Min is useful for finding the minimum value in a list of numbers, especially when comparing multiple values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/min
Number.parseFloat in JavaScript is a method that parses a string argument and returns a floating-point number. ParseFloat is useful for converting string representations of decimal numbers into numeric form. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/parseFloat
Number.parseInt in JavaScript is a method that parses a string argument and returns an integer of the specified radix (base). ParseInt is useful for converting strings into whole numbers, especially when working with different number bases. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/parseInt
Number.isFinite in JavaScript is a method that determines whether the provided value is a finite number. IsFinite is useful for ensuring that a value is neither `Infinity` nor `NaN` and can be used in mathematical calculations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Number/isFinite
Date.now in JavaScript is a method that returns the current timestamp in milliseconds since January 1, 1970 (the UNIX epoch). Now is useful for tracking time differences, setting timers, and measuring performance. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/now
Date.parse in JavaScript is a method that parses a date string and returns the number of milliseconds since the UNIX epoch. Parse is useful for converting date strings into JavaScript Date objects or timestamps. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/parse
Date.UTC in JavaScript is a method that returns the number of milliseconds between a specified date and the UNIX epoch, according to universal time. UTC is useful for working with dates and times in a timezone-agnostic manner. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/UTC
RegExp.prototype.compile in JavaScript is a method that re-compiles a regular expression object. Compile is useful for reusing a RegExp object with new patterns and flags without creating a new instance. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/compile
RegExp.prototype.source in JavaScript is a property that returns the text of the pattern used to construct the RegExp object. Source is useful for retrieving the original regular expression pattern as a string. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/source
RegExp.prototype.global in JavaScript is a property that returns a boolean indicating whether the `g` (global) flag was used in the regular expression. Global is useful for understanding whether a pattern is intended to match multiple occurrences in a string. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/global
RegExp.prototype.ignoreCase in JavaScript is a property that returns a boolean indicating whether the `i` (ignore case) flag was used in the regular expression. IgnoreCase is useful for determining if a pattern will match letters in a case-insensitive manner. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/ignoreCase
RegExp.prototype.multiline in JavaScript is a property that returns a boolean indicating whether the `m` (multiline) flag was used in the regular expression. Multiline enables the caret (`^`) and dollar sign (`$`) to match the start and end of each line, not just the entire string. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/multiline
RegExp.prototype.lastIndex in JavaScript is a property that specifies the index at which to start the next match in a string. LastIndex is useful when using the `g` (global) or `y` (sticky) flags, as it controls where matching resumes after a previous match. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/lastIndex
RegExp.prototype.sticky in JavaScript is a property that returns a boolean indicating whether the `y` (sticky) flag was used in the regular expression. Sticky ensures that a match must occur at the exact position of lastIndex rather than anywhere in the string. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/sticky
RegExp.prototype.unicode in JavaScript is a property that returns a boolean indicating whether the `u` (unicode) flag was used in the regular expression. Unicode enables full Unicode matching, which is useful for working with extended Unicode character sets. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/unicode
JSON.parse in JavaScript is a method that parses a JSON string and returns the corresponding JavaScript object. Parse is essential for converting data received as a JSON string into usable JavaScript objects. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse
JSON.stringify in JavaScript is a method that converts a JavaScript object or value to a JSON string. Stringify is useful for serializing objects, especially when sending data over a network or storing it in a string format. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/stringify
ArrayBuffer in JavaScript is a type of object used to represent a generic, fixed-length binary data buffer. ArrayBuffer is useful for handling raw binary data in applications such as file handling or WebAssembly. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/ArrayBuffer
DataView.prototype.getInt8 in JavaScript is a method that retrieves an 8-bit signed integer from a DataView at a specified byte offset. GetInt8 is useful for reading binary data in an efficient and low-level manner. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DataView/getInt8
DataView.prototype.setFloat32 in JavaScript is a method that stores a 32-bit floating-point number at a specified byte offset in a DataView. SetFloat32 is useful for writing binary data to a buffer with specific precision. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DataView/setFloat32
DataView.prototype.getUint16 in JavaScript is a method that retrieves an unsigned 16-bit integer from a DataView at a specified byte offset. GetUint16 is useful for reading binary data, especially when working with unsigned values. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DataView/getUint16
DataView.prototype.setUint16 in JavaScript is a method that stores an unsigned 16-bit integer at a specified byte offset in a DataView. SetUint16 is useful for writing binary data with unsigned integers into a buffer. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/DataView/setUint16
SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.byteLength in JavaScript is a property that returns the length, in bytes, of a SharedArrayBuffer. ByteLength is useful when working with shared memory to understand the size of the buffer. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/SharedArrayBuffer/byteLength
Atomics.add in JavaScript is a method that adds a value to a shared integer at a specific index in a SharedArrayBuffer and returns the old value. Add is useful for thread-safe arithmetic operations in concurrent environments. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Atomics/add
Atomics.compareExchange in JavaScript is a method that performs a thread-safe conditional update of a shared integer in a SharedArrayBuffer. CompareExchange is useful when you need to replace a value only if it matches an expected value, ensuring atomicity. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Atomics/compareExchange
Atomics.wait in JavaScript is a method that puts the calling thread to sleep until the value at a specific position in a SharedArrayBuffer changes. Wait is useful for coordinating between multiple threads in concurrent environments. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Atomics/wait
Atomics.notify in JavaScript is a method that wakes up one or more threads waiting on a specific position in a SharedArrayBuffer. Notify is useful in scenarios where you need to signal other threads to proceed. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Atomics/notify
Intl.RelativeTimeFormat.prototype.format in JavaScript is a method that formats relative time based on a given value and unit, such as “3 days ago” or “in 5 hours.” Format is useful for creating human-readable time differences in web applications. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/RelativeTimeFormat/format
Intl.DateTimeFormat.prototype.formatToParts in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of objects representing the different parts of a formatted date string. FormatToParts is useful when you need to display or manipulate specific components of a date, such as day, month, or year. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/DateTimeFormat/formatToParts
Intl.ListFormat.prototype.format in JavaScript is a method that formats a list of values according to locale-specific rules. Format is useful for creating grammatically correct lists, like “apples, oranges, and bananas,” in a user's language. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/ListFormat/format
Intl.NumberFormat.prototype.format in JavaScript is a method that formats a number according to the rules of a specified locale, such as currency, percentages, or decimals. Format is useful for presenting numbers in a culturally appropriate format. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/NumberFormat/format
Intl.PluralRules.prototype.select in JavaScript is a method that determines which plural rule to use based on a number and a specified locale. Select is useful for displaying the correct plural forms of words in different languages. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/PluralRules/select
TypedArray.prototype.set in JavaScript is a method that stores multiple values in a typed array from another array or typed array. Set is useful for copying elements into a typed array from any array-like object. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/set
TypedArray.prototype.subarray in JavaScript is a method that returns a new TypedArray view of the original array, starting and ending at specified indices. Subarray is useful for creating views over portions of existing typed arrays without copying data. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/TypedArray/subarray
Object.defineProperty in JavaScript is a method that defines a new property directly on an object, or modifies an existing property, with fine-grained control over attributes like `writable`, `configurable`, and `enumerable`. DefineProperty is useful for customizing object behavior. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/defineProperty
Object.defineProperties in JavaScript is a method that defines multiple properties directly on an object with detailed property descriptors. DefineProperties is useful for initializing or modifying several properties at once. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/defineProperties
Object.freeze in JavaScript is a method that prevents any further modifications to an object. Freeze is useful when you want to ensure that an object’s properties cannot be changed, added, or deleted. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/freeze
Object.seal in JavaScript is a method that prevents new properties from being added to an object while allowing changes to existing properties. Seal is useful when you want to lock an object’s structure but still permit value updates. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/seal
Proxy in JavaScript is a wrapper around an object that intercepts operations like property access, assignment, and function invocation. Proxy is useful for customizing object behavior, logging, or enforcing validation rules dynamically. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Proxy
Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor in JavaScript is a method that returns the descriptor for a specific property on an object, similar to Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor, but it is part of the Reflect API for more consistent behavior. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/getOwnPropertyDescriptor
Reflect.set in JavaScript is a method that assigns a value to a property on an object. Set is similar to using the assignment operator (`=`), but it is part of the Reflect API and can return a boolean indicating whether the operation succeeded. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/set
Reflect.getPrototypeOf in JavaScript is a method that returns the prototype (i.e., the internal `Prototype` property) of a given object. GetPrototypeOf is useful for inspecting or working with the prototype chain in inheritance. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/getPrototypeOf
Reflect.setPrototypeOf in JavaScript is a method that sets the prototype (i.e., the internal `Prototype` property) of a specified object. SetPrototypeOf is useful when you need to alter the prototype chain of an object dynamically. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/setPrototypeOf
Reflect.preventExtensions in JavaScript is a method that prevents new properties from being added to an object. This is similar to Object.preventExtensions, but PreventExtensions returns a boolean indicating whether the operation was successful. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Reflect/preventExtensions
Promise.finally in JavaScript is a method that allows you to specify a function to be called when a promise is settled, regardless of whether it was fulfilled or rejected. Finally is useful for executing cleanup actions after asynchronous operations. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/finally
Intl.Locale in JavaScript is a constructor that allows you to create and manage locale identifiers. Locale is useful for working with language tags in internationalization features like Intl.DateTimeFormat or Intl.NumberFormat. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/Locale
Intl.DisplayNames in JavaScript is a constructor that provides a way to obtain the localized display names for things like languages, regions, and scripts. DisplayNames is useful for building interfaces with user-friendly, localized names for various international components. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/DisplayNames
Intl.getCanonicalLocales in JavaScript is a method that returns an array of canonicalized locale identifiers. GetCanonicalLocales is useful for validating and standardizing user input when working with language or region settings. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Intl/getCanonicalLocales
Error.prototype.name in JavaScript is a property that specifies the type of error that occurred, such as `“TypeError”` or `“ReferenceError”`. Name is useful for identifying the nature of an error in exception handling. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/name
Error.prototype.stack in JavaScript is a property that provides a string representing the point in the code at which the error was instantiated. Stack is useful for debugging and logging error traces, helping to pinpoint the source of an issue. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Error/stack
Be sure to verify that there is a Ruby and Node.js and SQL entry for each item.
Return to JavaScript articles, JavaScript, Node.js glossary, Programming glossaries
Creating a glossary for the top 40 JavaScript concepts involves highlighting core functionalities, methods, objects, and principles of JavaScript, the programming language of the Web. While the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops web standards, JavaScript's specification is primarily maintained by ECMA International, with the ECMAScript standard. For JavaScript, developer.mozilla.org (MDN Web Docs) is a highly regarded resource for learning and reference. Below is an example glossary in MediaWiki format, focusing on key JavaScript concepts with descriptions and links to MDN Web Docs, and when applicable, links to relevant ECMAScript specifications or related W3C documentation.
```
This glossary provides an overview of the top 40 JavaScript concepts, offering insights into the functionalities, methods, objects, and principles that define JavaScript. Each entry includes a brief description and links to the MDN Web Docs for further exploration, along with the URL for the ECMAScript (ES) or World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) official documentation when applicable.
… (The list can be extended with additional JavaScript concepts following the same format) …
Note: The provided URLs direct to the MDN Web Docs for practical learning and reference, along with the official documentation from ECMAScript or W3C when applicable. For more detailed and specific information about each concept, please refer to these resources.
This format offers a structured way to summarize key JavaScript concepts, guiding readers to highly regarded resources for in-depth exploration. Given the comprehensive nature of JavaScript and its evolving standards, consulting these resources directly will ensure access to the most current and comprehensive information.
JavaScript Programming Language, JavaScript ECMAScript Standard, JavaScript Variable Declaration, JavaScript let Keyword, JavaScript const Keyword, JavaScript var Keyword, JavaScript Function Declaration, JavaScript Arrow Function, JavaScript Async Function, JavaScript Await Keyword, JavaScript Promise, JavaScript Callback Function, JavaScript JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), JavaScript Object, JavaScript Array, JavaScript String, JavaScript Number, JavaScript Boolean, JavaScript Null, JavaScript Undefined, JavaScript Symbol, JavaScript BigInt, JavaScript Template Literal, JavaScript Destructuring Assignment, JavaScript Spread Operator, JavaScript Rest Parameter, JavaScript Map Object, JavaScript Set Object, JavaScript WeakMap, JavaScript WeakSet, JavaScript Date Object, JavaScript RegExp Object, JavaScript Class Declaration, JavaScript Prototype, JavaScript Inheritance, JavaScript this Keyword, JavaScript new Operator, JavaScript delete Operator, JavaScript instanceof Operator, JavaScript typeof Operator, JavaScript Object.keys, JavaScript Object.values, JavaScript Object.entries, JavaScript Object.assign, JavaScript Object.freeze, JavaScript Object.seal, JavaScript Object.create, JavaScript Object.defineProperty, JavaScript Array.push, JavaScript Array.pop, JavaScript Array.shift, JavaScript Array.unshift, JavaScript Array.slice, JavaScript Array.splice, JavaScript Array.forEach, JavaScript Array.map, JavaScript Array.filter, JavaScript Array.reduce, JavaScript Array.reduceRight, JavaScript Array.some, JavaScript Array.every, JavaScript Array.find, JavaScript Array.findIndex, JavaScript Array.includes, JavaScript Array.indexOf, JavaScript Array.flat, JavaScript Array.flatMap, JavaScript String.length, JavaScript String.charAt, JavaScript String.charCodeAt, JavaScript String.includes, JavaScript String.indexOf, JavaScript String.slice, JavaScript String.substring, JavaScript String.substr, JavaScript String.toUpperCase, JavaScript String.toLowerCase, 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Engine, JavaScript Bun Runtime, JavaScript Deno Runtime, JavaScript ESM (ECMAScript Modules), JavaScript CommonJS Require, JavaScript Tree Shaking, JavaScript Code Splitting, JavaScript Dynamic Import Expressions, JavaScript Lazy Loading, JavaScript Prefetching, JavaScript Preloading, JavaScript Service Worker Cache, JavaScript Progressive Web Apps (PWAs), JavaScript Manifest.json, JavaScript Web App Install Banner, JavaScript IndexedDB Transactions, JavaScript IDBKeyRange, JavaScript Streams API, JavaScript ReadableStream, JavaScript WritableStream, JavaScript TransformStream, JavaScript ByteLengthQueuingStrategy, JavaScript CountQueuingStrategy, JavaScript AbortController, JavaScript AbortSignal, JavaScript CanvasRenderingContext2D, JavaScript OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D, JavaScript WebGLRenderingContext, JavaScript WebGL2RenderingContext, JavaScript GPU Web API (WebGPU), JavaScript fetch Abort, JavaScript fetch Response, JavaScript fetch Request, JavaScript Headers Object, 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JavaScript Credential Management, JavaScript Federated Credential, JavaScript Web Speech Recognition, JavaScript Web Speech Synthesis, JavaScript SpeechSynthesisUtterance, JavaScript SpeechSynthesisVoice, JavaScript PictureInPictureWindow, JavaScript RTCPeerConnection.createOffer, JavaScript RTCPeerConnection.createAnswer, JavaScript RTCPeerConnection.setLocalDescription, JavaScript RTCPeerConnection.setRemoteDescription, JavaScript RTCPeerConnection.addIceCandidate, JavaScript RTCIceCandidateInit, JavaScript RTCSessionDescriptionInit, JavaScript RTCDataChannel.send, JavaScript RTCDataChannel.onmessage, JavaScript RTCDataChannel.onopen, JavaScript RTCDataChannel.onclose, JavaScript RTCDataChannel.bufferedAmount, JavaScript MediaDevices.getUserMedia, JavaScript MediaDevices.getDisplayMedia, JavaScript MediaStream.getTracks, JavaScript MediaStream.addTrack, JavaScript MediaRecorder.start, JavaScript MediaRecorder.stop, JavaScript MediaRecorder.ondataavailable, JavaScript Event.preventDefault, JavaScript Event.stopPropagation, JavaScript Event.stopImmediatePropagation, JavaScript Element.classList.add, JavaScript Element.classList.remove, JavaScript Element.classList.toggle, JavaScript Element.classList.contains, JavaScript Element.getBoundingClientRect, JavaScript Element.scrollIntoView, JavaScript document.createEvent, JavaScript document.createAttribute, JavaScript document.createComment, JavaScript document.createDocumentFragment, JavaScript document.importNode, JavaScript document.adoptNode, JavaScript CSSOM Integration, JavaScript CSSStyleDeclaration, JavaScript style.setProperty, JavaScript style.getPropertyValue, JavaScript style.removeProperty, JavaScript matchMedia, JavaScript matchMedia.addListener, JavaScript matchMedia.removeListener, JavaScript CustomEvent.initCustomEvent, JavaScript DOMTokenList, JavaScript DOMParser, JavaScript XMLSerializer, JavaScript FormData.get, JavaScript FormData.set, JavaScript FormData.delete, JavaScript Intl.getCanonicalLocales, JavaScript Intl.NumberFormat.format, JavaScript Intl.DateTimeFormat.format, JavaScript Intl.Collator.compare, JavaScript Intl.PluralRules.select, JavaScript Intl.RelativeTimeFormat.format, JavaScript Intl.ListFormat.format, JavaScript Intl.DisplayNames.of, JavaScript Intl.Locale.maximize, JavaScript WeakRef.deref, JavaScript FinalizationRegistry.register, JavaScript WeakMap.get, JavaScript WeakMap.set, JavaScript WeakMap.delete, JavaScript WeakSet.add, JavaScript WeakSet.delete, JavaScript WeakSet.has, JavaScript Map.get, JavaScript Map.set, JavaScript Map.delete, JavaScript Map.has, JavaScript Set.add, JavaScript Set.delete, JavaScript Set.has, JavaScript DataView.getInt8, JavaScript DataView.getUint8, JavaScript DataView.setInt8, JavaScript DataView.setUint8, JavaScript Uint8Array.buffer, JavaScript Uint8Array.byteLength, JavaScript Int32Array.subarray, JavaScript Float64Array.fill, JavaScript BigInt64Array.set, JavaScript ArrayBuffer.slice, JavaScript 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Request.url, JavaScript Response.ok, JavaScript Response.status, JavaScript Response.statusText, JavaScript Response.headers, JavaScript Response.body, JavaScript Headers.append, JavaScript Headers.delete, JavaScript Headers.get, JavaScript Headers.has, JavaScript Headers.set, JavaScript URL.href, JavaScript URL.searchParams, JavaScript URLSearchParams.get, JavaScript URLSearchParams.set, JavaScript URLSearchParams.delete, JavaScript URLSearchParams.has, JavaScript FormData.values, JavaScript Node.js CommonJS require, JavaScript Node.js ESM import, JavaScript Web Storage localStorage, JavaScript Web Storage sessionStorage
AbortController, Absolute URLs, Abstract Equality Comparison, Abstract Syntax Tree, Accessor Properties, ActiveXObject, AddEventListener Method, AJAX Calls, AJAX Polling, Alert Dialogs, Alignment of Elements, All Settled Method in Promises, Animation Frames, Anonymous Functions, API Fetching, Application Cache, Arguments Object, Arrow Functions, Art Direction in Web Design, Asynchronous Iterators, Asynchronous Programming, Async Functions, Attribute Nodes, AudioContext API, Augmented Reality in Web, Authentication Tokens, Automatic Semicolon Insertion, Autoplay Attribute, Await Expression, Backbone of JavaScript Applications, Background Scripts, Backwards Compatibility in JavaScript, Base64 Encoding, Beforeunload Event, Best Practices in JavaScript, Binary Data Handling, Binary Heap in JavaScript, Binding of Functions, Blob Objects, Block-Level Scope, Boolean Objects, Bounding Client Rect, Box Model in CSS, Break and Continue Statements, Broadcast Channels, Browser Compatibility, Browser Event Model, Browser Object Model, Buffer Objects, Built-in Objects, Button Elements, Cache API, Callback Functions, Call Method, Canvas API, Caret Position, Cascading Style Sheets Integration, Case Sensitivity in JavaScript, Change Detection, Character Encoding, Child Nodes, Class Declarations, Class Expressions, Client-Side Rendering, Clipboard API, Closures in JavaScript, Coding Conventions, Collection Objects, Color Depth Detection, Comma Operator, Comparison Operators, Compatibility Mode, Computed Properties, Conditional Comments, Conditional Operator, Console Object, Constructor Functions, Content Security Policy, Context Menu Events, Control Flow in JavaScript, Cookies Management, Copy Event, Cordova Integration, CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing), Create Document Fragment, Crypto API, CSS Object Model, Custom Elements, Custom Events, Data Attributes, Data Binding in JavaScript, Data Types in JavaScript, Data URLs, Date and Time Functions, Debugger Statements, Debugging JavaScript Code, Decimal Numbers, Default Parameters, Deferred Scripts, Delay Function Execution, Delete Operator, Destructuring Assignment, Device Orientation Events, Dialog Element, Difference Between Var, Let, and Const, Digital Certificates in Web, Dimension Properties, Direction Property in CSS, Directive Prologue, Disable Right-Click, Discouraged Practices, DispatchEvent Method, Display Property in CSS, Document Base URL, Document Fragment, Document Object Model (DOM), Document Type Declaration, Doctype in HTML5, Do...While Loop, Drag and Drop API, Dynamic Imports, Dynamic Typing, E4X (ECMAScript for XML), ECMAScript Language Specification, ECMAScript Modules, Edit Distance Algorithm, Element Interface, Element Sizing, Element Traversal, Ember.js Integration, Empty Statements, EncodeURI Function, Encryption in Web Applications, Endless Scrolling Techniques, Engine Differences, Enhanced Object Literals, Enums in JavaScript, Environment Records, Error Handling in JavaScript, Error Objects, Escape Sequences, Eval Function, Event Bubbling, Event Capturing, Event Delegation, Event Handlers, Event Loop in JavaScript, Event Propagation, Event Queue, Event Source Interface, Event Target Interface, Exception Handling, Exec Command, Exponential Operator, Export Statements, Expressions in JavaScript, Extended Object Properties, Extensible Markup Language (XML), Fetch API, Fieldsets in Forms, File API, FileReader Object, Filter Method in Arrays, FinalizationRegistry, Find Method in Arrays, First-Class Functions, Floating Point Arithmetic, Focus Management, Font Loading API, Form Data Validation, Form Submission, FormData Object, Fragment Identifiers, Frame Timing API, Fullscreen API, Function Declarations, Function Expressions, Function Parameters, Function Scope, Functional Programming in JavaScript, Gamepad API, Garbage Collection in JavaScript, Generators in JavaScript, Geolocation API, getComputedStyle Method, getElementById Method, getElementsByClassName Method, getElementsByTagName Method, Global Execution Context, Global Object, Global Scope, GlobalThis Object, Grammar and Types in JavaScript, Grid Layout in CSS, GroupBy Functionality, Hash Tables in JavaScript, History API, Hoisting in JavaScript, Horizontal Rule Element, HTML Canvas Element, HTML Collection, HTML Templates, HTML5 Features, HTTP Requests, HTTP Response Codes, Hyperlinks in HTML, IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression), Image Manipulation in Canvas, Image Preloading Techniques, Import Statements, In Operator, Indexed Collections, IndexedDB API, Infinity Value, Inheritance Patterns, Input Events, Input Validation, Instanceof Operator, Int32Array, Intl Object, Intersection Observer API, Intl.Collator, Intl.DateTimeFormat, Intl.NumberFormat, Invalid Date Object, IsNaN Function, Iteration Protocols, JavaScript Engines, JavaScript Modules, JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), JavaScript Operators, JavaScript Regular Expressions, JavaScript Timers, Joystick Events, JSON Methods, JSON Parse and Stringify, Keydown Event, Keyboard Events, Keyframes in CSS, Label Element in Forms, Language Chains in Testing, let Keyword, Lexical Environment, Lexical Scoping, Light DOM, Line Breaks in Strings, Linear Gradient in CSS, Link Element in HTML, Local Storage, Location Object, Logical AND Operator, Logical NOT Operator, Logical OR Operator, Loops in JavaScript, Map Object in JavaScript, Map Method in Arrays, Math Object, Media Queries in CSS, MediaRecorder API, Memory Leaks in JavaScript, Message Channels, Message Event, Meta Tags in HTML, Method Chaining, MIDI Access, Mime Types, Modals in Web Design, Module Bundlers, Mouse Events, MouseEvent Object, Mutation Observers, Named Function Expressions, Namespace Objects, Native Objects in JavaScript, Navigator Object, Nested Functions, New Operator, Node Interface, NodeList Object, Node.js Integration, Nullish Coalescing Operator, Number Object, Object.create Method, Object.assign Method, Object.defineProperty, Object.entries Method, Object.freeze Method, Object.is Method, Object.keys Method, Object.seal Method, Object.values Method, Observer Pattern in JavaScript, OffscreenCanvas API, Onclick Event, Online and Offline Events, Optional Chaining Operator, Origin Property, Output Encoding, Overflow Property in CSS, Page Visibility API, PageX and PageY Properties, ParentNode Interface, parseFloat Function, parseInt Function, Partial Application, Passive Event Listeners, Path2D Objects, Performance API, Persistent Storage, Pointer Events, Pop Method in Arrays, PopStateEvent, PostMessage Method, Promise.all Method, Promise.any Method, Promise.race Method, Promises in JavaScript, Prompt Dialogs, Prototype Chain, Prototypal Inheritance, Proxy Objects in JavaScript, Push Method in Arrays, Query Selector Methods, QueueMicrotask Function, Radio Buttons in Forms, Random Numbers in JavaScript, Range Input, Readonly Properties, Reference Errors, Reflect API, Regular Expressions, Relative URLs, Rem Units in CSS, Remote Script Execution, Request Animation Frame, Resize Events, Resize Observer API, Rest Parameters, Return Statement, Revealing Module Pattern, Reverse Method in Arrays, Rich Text Editing, Robot Framework Integration, Same-Origin Policy, Screen Orientation API, Script Tag in HTML, Scroll Events, scrollIntoView Method, scrollTo Method, Selection API, Self-Invoking Functions, Semicolons in JavaScript, Server-Sent Events, Service Workers, Set Object in JavaScript, Set Timeout and Set Interval, Shadow DOM, SharedArrayBuffer, Short-Circuit Evaluation, slice Method in Arrays, sort Method in Arrays, Source Maps, Spatial Navigation, splice Method in Arrays, Spread Operator, SQL Injection Prevention, Stack Traces, State Management in Web Apps, Static Methods, Storage Event, String Methods in JavaScript, Strict Mode, Structural Typing, Style Manipulation, Subresource Integrity, switch Statement, Symbol Data Type, Synthetic Events, Tabindex Attribute, Template Literals, Temporal Dead Zone, Text Content Property, Text Direction in CSS, Text Nodes, Throttle Function, throw Statement, Timers in JavaScript, toFixed Method, toString Method, Touch Events, Touch Interface, Traceur Compiler, Transpilers, Tree Shaking, Try...Catch Statement, Type Coercion, Typed Arrays, TypeError Exceptions, typeof Operator, Underscore.js Integration, Unicode in JavaScript, Unicode Normalization, Unary Operators, Undefined Value, Unhandled Rejection, Unit Testing in JavaScript, unshift Method in Arrays, URL API, URLSearchParams, Use Strict Directive, User Timing API, Validation in Forms, ValueOf Method, Variable Hoisting, Variables in JavaScript, Vibration API, Viewport Meta Tag, Visibility Property in CSS, Void Operator, Wake Lock API, WeakMap Object, WeakRef Object, WeakSet Object, Web Animations API, Web Audio API, Web Bluetooth API, Web Components, Web Cryptography API, Web GL, Web Notifications API, Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC), Web Sockets, Web Speech API, Web Storage API, Web Workers, WebAssembly Integration, Wheel Event, While Loop, Window Object, Window.location Property, Window.postMessage Method, Worker Threads, XML Parsing in JavaScript, XMLHttpRequest Object, XPath Evaluation, XR (Extended Reality) APIs, Yield Keyword, Z-Index Property in CSS
JavaScript: JavaScript Fundamentals, JavaScript Inventor - JavaScript Language Designer: Brendan Eich of Netscape on December 4, 1995; JavaScript DevOps - JavaScript SRE, Cloud Native JavaScript (JavaScript on Kubernetes - JavaScript on AWS - JavaScript on Azure - JavaScript on GCP), JavaScript Microservices, JavaScript Containerization (JavaScript Docker - JavaScript on Docker Hub), Serverless JavaScript, JavaScript Data Science - JavaScript DataOps - JavaScript and Databases (JavaScript ORM), JavaScript ML - JavaScript DL, Functional JavaScript (1. JavaScript Immutability, 2. JavaScript Purity - JavaScript No Side-Effects, 3. JavaScript First-Class Functions - JavaScript Higher-Order Functions, JavaScript Lambdas - JavaScript Anonymous Functions - JavaScript Closures, JavaScript Lazy Evaluation, 4. JavaScript Recursion), Reactive JavaScript), JavaScript Concurrency (WebAssembly - WASM) - JavaScript Parallel Programming - Async JavaScript - JavaScript Async (JavaScript Await, JavaScript Promises, JavaScript Workers - Web Workers, Service Workers, Browser Main Thread), JavaScript Networking, JavaScript Security - JavaScript DevSecOps - JavaScript OAuth, JavaScript Memory Allocation (JavaScript Heap - JavaScript Stack - JavaScript Garbage Collection), JavaScript CI/CD - JavaScript Dependency Management - JavaScript DI - JavaScript IoC - JavaScript Build Pipeline, JavaScript Automation - JavaScript Scripting, JavaScript Package Managers (Cloud Monk's Package Manager Book), JavaScript Modules - JavaScript Packages (NPM and JavaScript, NVM and JavaScript, Yarn Package Manager and JavaScript), JavaScript Installation (JavaScript Windows - Chocolatey JavaScript, JavaScript macOS - Homebrew JavaScript, JavaScript on Linux), JavaScript Configuration, JavaScript Observability (JavaScript Monitoring, JavaScript Performance - JavaScript Logging), JavaScript Language Spec - JavaScript RFCs - JavaScript Roadmap, JavaScript Keywords, JavaScript Operators, JavaScript Functions, JavaScript Built-In Data Types, JavaScript Data Structures - JavaScript Algorithms, JavaScript Syntax, JavaScript OOP (1. JavaScript Encapsulation - 2. JavaScript Inheritance - 3. JavaScript Polymorphism - 4. JavaScript Abstraction), JavaScript Design Patterns - JavaScript Best Practices - JavaScript Style Guide - Clean JavaScript - JavaScript BDD, JavaScript Generics, JavaScript I/O, JavaScript Serialization - JavaScript Deserialization, JavaScript APIs, JavaScript REST - JavaScript JSON - JavaScript GraphQL, JavaScript gRPC, JavaScript on the Server (Node.js-Deno-Express.js), JavaScript Virtualization, JavaScript Development Tools: JavaScript SDK, JavaScript Compiler - JavaScript Transpiler - Babel and JavaScript, JavaScript Interpreter - JavaScript REPL, JavaScript IDEs (Visual Studio Code, JavaScript Visual Studio Code, Visual Studio, JetBrains WebStorm, JetBrains JavaScript), JavaScript Debugging (Chrome DevTools), JavaScript Linter, JavaScript Community - JavaScriptaceans - JavaScript User, JavaScript Standard Library (core-js) - JavaScript Libraries (React.js-Vue.js-htmx, jQuery) - JavaScript Frameworks (Angular), JavaScript Testing - JavaScript TDD (JavaScript TDD, Selenium, Jest, Mocha.js, Jasmine, Tape Testing (test harness), Supertest, React Testing Library, Enzyme.js React Testing, Angular TestBed), JavaScript History, JavaScript Research, JavaScript Topics, JavaScript Uses - List of JavaScript Software - Written in JavaScript - JavaScript Popularity, JavaScript Bibliography - Manning JavaScript Series- JavaScript Courses, JavaScript Glossary - JavaScript Official Glossary - Glossaire de JavaScript - French, TypeScript, Web Browser, Web Development, HTML-CSS, JavaScript GitHub, Awesome JavaScript, JavaScript Versions. (navbar_javascript - see also navbar_web_development, navbar_javascript_networking, navbar_javascript_versions, navbar_javascript_standard_library, navbar_javascript_libraries, navbar_javascript_reserved_words, navbar_javascript_functional, navbar_javascript_concurrency, navbar_javascript async, navbar_typescript)
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