TLDR: Misconfigured PowerShell security policies occur when execution settings, logging configurations, or access controls are improperly implemented, exposing systems to unauthorized actions, data breaches, or malware execution. Common issues include unrestricted execution policies, lack of logging, and insufficient restrictions on script execution. Addressing these misconfigurations ensures secure and efficient usage of PowerShell in enterprise environments.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerShell
A typical misconfigured PowerShell security policy might involve setting the execution policy to `Unrestricted`, allowing any script, including potentially malicious ones, to execute without validation. Another issue is failing to enable PowerShell Script Block Logging or Module Logging, which prevents administrators from detecting or auditing suspicious activities. Overly permissive access controls that allow non-administrative users to execute sensitive scripts can lead to privilege escalation or lateral movement within the network. Tools like Windows Event Viewer and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint help monitor and mitigate these issues.
To secure PowerShell environments, administrators should enforce execution policies like `RemoteSigned` or `AllSigned`, enable comprehensive logging for both script execution and command history, and implement Just Enough Administration (JEA) to restrict script execution privileges. Regular audits of policy settings and integration with centralized logging tools ensure that misconfigurations are identified and resolved. Adhering to frameworks like CIS Benchmarks enhances overall security for PowerShell usage in enterprise systems.