Return to Python Development Glossary, Python, Java Standard Library Glossary
Provide a Java library glossary of the top 100 Java libraries and Java Frameworks that are not part of the Java Standard Library sorted by the most commonly used. For each Java library include a brief description and the URL for the official documentation, include the URL for the appropriate GitHub repo, include the URL for the Maven Central link. Answer using MediaWiki format.
Creating a comprehensive glossary of the top 100 Python Standard Library modules, including descriptions, official documentation links, “Python 3 Module of the Week” (PyMOTW) references, and source code repositories, is extensive. Due to the vast scope and the nature of the Python Standard Library being an integral part of Python's development and not hosted separately like third-party packages, the source code is part of the Python's main repository itself. This list will highlight essential and widely used modules within the Python Standard Library, focusing on their primary usage and importance in Python development.
Please note, for the Python Standard Library, the official documentation and the Python's GitHub repository (where the Python source code is maintained) will be referenced. The PyMOTW site is an excellent resource for learning and examples but might not cover all modules in depth or the latest version.
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Provides access to some variables used or maintained by the Python interpreter and to functions that interact strongly with the interpreter. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/sys.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/sys/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/sys.py] (Note: sys is partly implemented in C)
Provides a way of using operating system dependent functionality. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/os/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/os.py]
Supplies classes for manipulating dates and times. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/datetime/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/datetime.py]
Implements specialized container datatypes providing alternatives to Python’s general purpose built-in containers. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/collections/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/collections/]
Encodes and decodes the JSON format. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/json/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/json/]
Defines functions and classes which implement a flexible event logging system. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/logging/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/logging/]
Parser for command-line options, arguments, and sub-commands. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/argparse/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/argparse.py]
Provides regular expression matching operations. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/re/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/re.py]
Allows you to spawn new processes, connect to their input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/subprocess/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/subprocess.py]
Constructs higher-level threading interfaces on top of the lower-level _thread module. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/threading.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/threading/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/threading.py]
Offers both local and remote concurrency, effectively side-stepping the Global Interpreter Lock by using subprocesses instead of threads. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/multiprocessing.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/multiprocessing/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/multiprocessing/]
Provides
access to the BSD socket interface.[Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/socket/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/socket.py]
Elegant and simple HTTP library for Python, built for human beings. [Documentation: https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/master/] [PyMOTW: Not available for requests as it's not part of the Standard Library] [Source: https://github.com/psf/requests]
A simple HTTP server to serve files or can be extended to handle more complex HTTP requests. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/http.server.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/http.server/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/http/server.py]
A DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/sqlite3.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/sqlite3/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/sqlite3/]
Provides a way to build and run tests. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/unittest/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/unittest/]
Offers a set of classes to handle filesystem paths. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pathlib.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/pathlib/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/pathlib.py]
Implements classes to read and write tabular data in CSV format. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/csv.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/csv/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/csv.py]
Implements pseudo-random number generators for various distributions. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/random/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/random.py]
Implements a common interface to many different secure hash and message digest algorithms. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/hashlib.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/hashlib/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/hashlib.py]
Supplies classes for manipulating dates and times. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/datetime/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/datetime.py]
Encodes and decodes the JSON format. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/json/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/json/]
Provides infrastructure for writing single-threaded concurrent code using coroutines, multiplexing I/O access over sockets and other resources. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/asyncio/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/asyncio/]
Implements a number of iterator building blocks. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/itertools/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/itertools.py] (Note: itertools is partly implemented in C)
Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/functools.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/functools/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3
.9/Lib/functools.py]
Exports a set of efficient functions corresponding to the intrinsic operators of Python. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/operator.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/operator/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/operator.py]
Utilities for working with context managers and the `with` statement. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/contextlib.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/contextlib/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/contextlib.py]
Implements decimal arithmetic suitable for accounting applications and high-precision applications. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/decimal.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/decimal/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/decimal.py]
Implements arithmetic based on rational numbers. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/fractions.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/fractions/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/fractions.py]
Provides a function for making file lists from directory wildcard searches. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/glob.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/glob/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/glob.py]
Provides an implementation of the heap queue algorithm, also known as the priority queue algorithm. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/heapq.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/heapq/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/heapq.py]
Provides several useful functions to help get information about live objects such as modules, classes, methods, functions, tracebacks, frame objects, and code objects. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/inspect.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/inspect/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/inspect.py]
The default interface to access files and streams. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/io/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/io.py]
Provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C standard. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/math/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/math.py] (Note: math is partly implemented in C)
Memory-mapped file objects behave like both bytearray and like file objects. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/mmap.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/mmap/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/mmap.py]
Common pathname manipulations. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/os.path/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/os.path.py]
Implements binary protocols for serializing and de-serializing a Python object structure. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/pickle/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/pickle.py]
Provides a multi-producer, multi-consumer queue. [Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/queue.html] [PyMOTW: https://pymotw.com/3/queue/] [Source: https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.9/Lib/queue.py]
Provides access to the select() and poll() functions available in most operating systems, allowing you to wait for events on one or more sockets or file descriptors