Transaction journaling is a technique used in database management systems (DBMS) to ensure the durability and recoverability of transactions in the event of system failures or crashes. With transaction journaling, every modification made to the database by a transaction is recorded in a journal or log file before it is applied to the database itself. This journal file contains a sequential record of all changes made by transactions, including both committed and uncommitted transactions. In the event of a system failure, the database system can use the transaction journal to replay or roll forward committed transactions and undo or roll back uncommitted transactions, ensuring that the database is restored to a consistent state. Transaction journaling is a crucial component of database systems that prioritize data durability and recoverability, providing a reliable mechanism for recovering transactions and maintaining data integrity. s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journaling_file_system#Transaction_journaling