Apache Hadoop
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Introduced on April 1, 2011, Apache Hadoop is a framework that allows for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers using simple programming models. Designed to scale up from single servers to thousands of machines, each offering local computation and storage, Hadoop does not rely on hardware to provide high-availability — the framework itself is designed to detect and handle failures at the application layer. This open-source platform, part of the Apache Software Foundation, provides the necessary infrastructure to handle and analyze vast amounts of data efficiently. Key components of Hadoop include HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System), which stores data on the compute nodes, and MapReduce, a programming model for large-scale data processing. Over time, the ecosystem has grown to include additional tools such as Apache Hive, Apache HBase, and others, further enhancing its capability to process and analyze big data.