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Return to De facto, Technical standard, List of programming standards (ISO Programming standards - ECMA Programming standards - W3C standards), List of computer standards, List of network standards

A de facto standard is a custom, product, or system that has become a widespread norm or standard without being formally established by any official authority or institution. Unlike de jure standards, which are sanctioned by formal regulatory bodies, de facto standards emerge because of their widespread adoption and acceptance by the industry, users, or consumers. They often arise from the popularity of a particular technology, product, or practice that gains dominance due to its superior functionality, compatibility, or market penetration. Examples include the QWERTY keyboard layout, the PDF file format for documents, and the Git version control system for software development. De facto standards can significantly influence market dynamics, driving innovation and shaping industry practices, while also ensuring interoperability and consistency across products and systems.

Snippet from Wikipedia: De facto standard

A de facto standard is a custom or convention that is commonly used even though its use is not required.

De facto is a Latin phrase (literally "of fact"), here meaning "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established".

A de facto standard contrasts an international standard which is defined by an organization such as International Standards Organization, or a standard required by law (also known as de jure standards).

Joint technical committee on information technology (ISO/IEC JTC1) developed a procedure in order for de facto standards to be processed through the formal standardization system to be transformed into international standards from ISO and IEC.

In social sciences a voluntary standard that is also a de facto standard is a typical solution to a coordination problem. The choice of a de facto standard tends to be stable in situations in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. In contrast, an enforced de jure standard is a solution to the prisoner's problem.

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