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R (programming language)

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Snippet from Wikipedia: R (programming language)

R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics, and data analysis.

The core R language is augmented by a large number of extension packages, containing reusable code, documentation, and sample data.

R software is open-source and free software. It is licensed by the GNU Project and available under the GNU General Public License. It is written primarily in C, Fortran, and R itself. Precompiled executables are provided for various operating systems.

As an interpreted language, R has a native command line interface. Moreover, multiple third-party graphical user interfaces are available, such as RStudio—an integrated development environment—and Jupyter—a notebook interface.

Introduction to R

R is a language and environment for R statistical computing and R graphics. It is a R GNU project which is similar to the S language and environment which was developed at Bell Laboratories (formerly AT&T, now Lucent Technologies) by R John Chambers and colleagues. R can be considered as a different implementation of S. There are some important differences, but much code written for S runs unaltered under R.”

R provides a wide variety of R statistical (R linear modelling and R nonlinear modelling, R classical statistical tests, R time-series analysis, R classification, R clustering, …) and R graphical techniques, and is highly R extensible. The S language is often the vehicle of choice for R research in R statistical methodology, and R provides an R Open Source route to participation in that activity.”

“One of R’s strengths is the ease with which well-designed publication-quality R plots can be produced, including R mathematical symbols and R mathematical formulae where needed. Great care has been taken over the R defaults for the minor R design choices in R graphics, but the user retains full control.”

R is available as R Free Software under the terms of the Free Software Foundation’s GNU General Public License in R source code form. It R compiles and runs on a wide variety of R UNIX platforms and similar R systems (including R FreeBSD and R Linux), R Windows and R macOS.”

The R environment

R environment: “R is an integrated suite of R software facilities for R data manipulation, R calculation] and R graphical display. It includes:

The R termR environment” is intended to characterize it as a fully planned and coherent system, rather than an incremental accretion of very specific and inflexible tools, as is frequently the case with other data analysis software.”

R, like S, is R designed around a true computer language, and it allows R users to add additional R functionality by defining new R functions. Much of the R system is itself written in the R dialect of S, which makes it easy for users to follow the R algorithmic choices made. For computationally-intensive R tasks, C, C++ and Fortran code can be R linked and R called at R run time. Advanced R users can write C code to manipulate R objects directly.”

“Many R users think of R as a statistics system. We prefer to think of it as an environment within which R statistical techniques are R implemented. R can be R extended (easily) via R packages. There are about eight packages supplied with the R distribution and many more are available through the R CRAN family of R Internet sites covering a very wide range of R modern statistics.”

R has its own R LaTeX-like documentation format, which is used to supply comprehensive R documentation, both R on-line in a number of formats and in hardcopy.“

Fair Use Source: https://www.r-project.org/about.html (RProjAbout

Why use R?

“R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics, similar to the S language originally developed at Bell Labs. It’s an open source solution to data analysis that’s supported by a large and active worldwide research community. But there are many popular statistical and graphing packages available (such as Microsoft Excel, SAS, IBM SPSS, Stata, and Minitab). Why turn to R?” (RinAct 2022)

R has many features to recommend it:” (RinAct 2022)

Fair Use Source: RinAct 2022

Installing R

Windows

choco install r.project -y

Chocolatey v0.11.2

Installing the following packages:

r.project

By installing, you accept licenses for the packages.

Progress: Downloading R.Project 4.1.1… 100%

R.Project v4.1.1 [Approved]

r.project package files install completed. Performing other installation steps.

Installing r.project…

r.project has been installed.

r.project can be automatically uninstalled.

The install of r.project was successful.

Software installed to 'C:\Program Files\R\R-4.1.1\'

Chocolatey installed 1/1 packages.

See the log for details (C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\logs\chocolatey.log).

macOS

With Homebrew using brew install

Linux

REPL

R version 4.1.1 (2021-08-10) – “Kick Things”

Copyright (C) 2021 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing

Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)

R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.

You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.

Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.

Natural language support but running in an English locale

R is a collaborative project with many contributors.

Type 'contributors()' for more information and 'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.

Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or 'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.

Type 'q()' to quit R.

Rscript

C:\Program Files\R\R-4.1.1\bin>Rscript.exe

Usage: /path/to/Rscript [–options] [-e expr [-e expr2 …] | file] [args]

–options accepted are

 --help              Print usage and exit
 --version           Print version and exit
 --verbose           Print information on progress
 --default-packages=list
                     Where 'list' is a comma-separated set
                       of package names, or 'NULL'
or options to R, in addition to –no-echo –no-restore, such as
 --save              Do save workspace at the end of the session
 --no-environ        Don't read the site and user environment files
 --no-site-file      Don't read the site-wide Rprofile
 --no-init-file      Don't read the user R profile
 --restore           Do restore previously saved objects at startup
 --vanilla           Combine --no-save, --no-restore, --no-site-file
                       --no-init-file and --no-environ

'file' may contain spaces but not shell metacharacters

Expressions (one or more '-e <expr>') may be used *instead* of 'file' See also ?Rscript from within R

C:\Program Files\R\R-4.1.1\bin>Rscript.exe –version

R scripting front-end version 4.1.1 (2021-08-10)

RStudio

RStudio Installation

Windows

https://community.chocolatey.org/packages/R.Studio

choco install r.studio -y

Chocolatey v0.11.2

Installing the following packages:

r.studio

By installing, you accept licenses for the packages.

Progress: Downloading R.Studio 1.4.1717… 100%

R.Studio v1.4.1717 [Approved]

r.studio package files install completed. Performing other installation steps.

Downloading R.Studio

from 'https://download1.[[rstudio.org]]/[[desktop]]/[[windows]]/RStudio-1.4.1717.exe'

Progress: 100% - Completed download of

C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Temp\chocolatey\R.Studio\1.4.1717\RStudio-1.4.1717.exe (148.95 MB).

Download of RStudio-1.4.1717.exe (148.95 MB) completed.

Hashes match.

Installing R.Studio…

R.Studio has been installed.

r.studio may be able to be automatically uninstalled.

The install of r.studio was successful.

Software installed as 'exe', install location is likely default.

Chocolatey installed 1/1 packages.

See the log for details (C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\logs\chocolatey.log).

macOS

Linux

Fair Use Sources

Fair Use Sources:

R: R Fundamentals, R Inventor - R Language Designer: Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman in August 1993; R Core Team, R Language Definition on R-Project.org, R reserved words (R keywords), R data structures - R algorithms, R syntax, R input and Output, R data transformations, R probability, R statistics, R linear regression (ANOVA), R time series analysis, R graphics, R markdown, R OOP, R on Linux, R on macOS, R on Windows, R installation, R containerization, R configuration, R compiler - R interpreter (R REPL), R IDEs (RStudio, Jupyter Notebook), R development tools, R DevOps - R SRE, R data science - R DataOps, R machine learning, R deep learning, Functional R, R concurrency, R history, R bibliography, R glossary, R topics, R courses, R Standard Library, R libraries, R packages (tidyverse package), R frameworks, RDocumentation.org / CRAN, R research, R GitHub, Written in R, R popularity, R Awesome list, R Versions, Python. (navbar_r)



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