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Access Control
Return to Access Control List (ACL), Access, Authorization, Passwords, Authentication, Identity and Access Management (IAM), Outline of computer security
TLDR: Access controls are mechanisms designed to regulate who or what can view or use resources within a system. Introduced as a core concept in computer security in the 1970s, they encompass policies, procedures, and technologies to restrict unauthorized access. Effective access controls ensure that only authenticated and authorized users or systems can perform actions or access resources, mitigating risks such as unauthorized access and data leakage.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Access_Control
Access controls are typically divided into three categories: discretionary access control (DAC), mandatory access control (MAC), and role-based access control (RBAC). DAC allows resource owners to define permissions, while MAC enforces strict policies defined by administrators. RBAC, introduced in the 1990s, assigns permissions based on user roles, simplifying management and improving security by adhering to the principle of least privilege.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Least_Privilege
Modern access control implementations integrate with multi-factor authentication (MFA) systems to enhance security. By combining something users know (e.g., passwords) with something they have (e.g., hardware tokens) or something they are (e.g., biometrics), MFA reduces the risk of unauthorized access. This approach is widely adopted in financial systems and critical infrastructure.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Authentication
Misconfigured access controls can lead to vulnerabilities such as privilege escalation and unauthorized access to sensitive data. For instance, granting excessive permissions or neglecting to enforce strong password policies can expose systems to attacks. Regular audits and adherence to the principle of least privilege are essential to mitigate such risks.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Access_Control
Emerging technologies like zero-trust architecture are transforming how access controls are implemented. Zero-trust eliminates the notion of implicit trust within networks, requiring continuous verification for all entities attempting to access resources. This model, introduced in the late 2000s, ensures that every request is validated against strict policies, significantly enhancing security in distributed environments.
https://www.cisa.gov/zero-trust-maturity-model
Access control is a critical component of information security that regulates who or what can view, modify, or interact with resources in a system. By implementing robust access control policies, organizations ensure that only authorized users have the appropriate levels of access management, protecting sensitive data and minimizing potential vulnerabilities. Authentication and authorization are foundational aspects of access control, with authentication verifying user identities and authorization determining their permissions within the system. These measures integrate seamlessly with application security policies and security frameworks to maintain a secure and compliant operational environment.
The implementation of access control supports the least privilege principle, reducing the risk of unauthorized access by limiting users to the minimum access necessary to perform their roles. Modern access control mechanisms, such as role-based access control (RBAC) and attribute-based access control (ABAC), enable granular control over resource permissions. Combined with audit trails and continuous monitoring practices, these controls help organizations detect and respond to potential security incidents swiftly. By incorporating access control into DevSecOps practices and infrastructure security, businesses can align their security requirements with operational goals, ensuring both agility and compliance across systems.
access control - “A *trusted process that limits access to the resources and objects of a computer system in accordance with a *security model. The process can be implemented by reference to a stored table that lists the *access rights of subjects to objects, e.g. users to records. Optionally the process may record in an *audit trail any illegal access attempts.” (Fair Use ODCS)
- Snippet from Wikipedia: Access control
In physical security and information security, access control (AC) is the selective restriction of access to a place or other resource, while access management describes the process. The act of accessing may mean consuming, entering, or using. Permission to access a resource is called authorization.
Access control on digital platforms is also termed admission control. The protection of external databases is essential to preserve digital security.
Access control is considered to be a significant aspect of privacy that should be further studied. Access control policy (also access policy) is part of an organization’s security policy. In order to verify the access control policy, organizations use an access control model. General security policies require designing or selecting appropriate security controls to satisfy an organization's risk appetite - access policies similarly require the organization to design or select access controls.
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Passwords: Password Policies, Password Complexity Requirements, Password Expiration Policies, Password Rotation, Password History, Password Length, Multi-Factor Authentication, Password Managers, Secure Password Storage, Password Hashing Algorithms, Salted Password Hashing, Password Encryption, Password Recovery Processes, Password Reset Procedures, Password Audits, Password Strength Meters, Password Generation Algorithms, Biometric Authentication as Password Replacement, Single Sign-On (SSO) Systems, Two-Factor Authentication Methods, Passwordless Authentication, Social Login Integration, Phishing Resistance Techniques, User Education on Password Security, Account Lockout Mechanisms, Brute Force Attack Prevention, Dictionary Attack Mitigation, Credential Stuffing Defense Strategies, Security Questions for Password Recovery, Email Verification for Password Reset, Mobile Authentication for Password Management, Password Sharing Practices, Compliance Standards for Password Management, Password Synchronization Techniques, Password Aging Policies, Role-Based Password Access Control, Password Change Notifications, Temporary Passwords Handling, Password Encryption at Rest and in Transit, Third-Party Password Manager Security, Password Policy Enforcement Tools, User Behavior Analytics for Password Security, Zero Trust Approach to Password Management, Password Security for Remote Workers, Password Security Auditing Tools, Password Vulnerability Scanning, Automated Password Reset Solutions, Secure Password Exchange Protocols, Password Entropy Measurement
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