Hierarchical File System (HFS)
The Hierarchical File System (HFS) is a file system developed by Apple Inc. for its Macintosh computers. Introduced in 1985, HFS was the primary file system used by macOS until the introduction of HFS+ in 1998. HFS organizes files and directories in a hierarchical structure, allowing users to navigate through directories and access files using a graphical user interface. It supports features such as file naming conventions, file metadata, and resource forks, which store additional data associated with files. While HFS served as a reliable file system for many years, it had limitations in handling larger file sizes and modern storage technologies. Consequently, it was succeeded by HFS+ and later by the Apple File System (APFS) to address these shortcomings and provide enhanced performance and scalability for Apple's operating systems.