Misconfigured Twig
TLDR: Misconfigured Twig, introduced in 2008, can result in significant vulnerabilities such as code injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and unauthorized data exposure. These issues often arise from improper input handling, unsafe template logic, and reliance on insecure defaults, violating several OWASP Top Ten principles, including Input Validation, Output Encoding, and Access Controls.
Improper input validation in Twig templates can lead to code injection attacks if user inputs are passed into templates without sanitization. This violates the OWASP Top Ten's emphasis on validating all inputs before processing or rendering.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Input_Validation
Bypassing Twig's default escaping mechanism to use raw outputs increases the risk of XSS attacks. Developers often misuse the `raw` filter to render unescaped user inputs, allowing malicious JavaScript or HTML to execute, breaching the OWASP Top Ten's guidelines on Output Encoding.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Security/Output_Encoding
Dynamic inclusion of templates in Twig without validation can lead to unauthorized rendering of files or data. Strict Access Controls and allowlists should be applied to mitigate this risk, aligning with the OWASP Top Ten's principles.
https://twig.symfony.com/doc/3.x/functions/include.html
Embedding sensitive variables or configuration details directly in Twig templates without proper encryption or masking increases the likelihood of data leakage. This practice violates the OWASP Top Ten's guidance on secure Data Encryption.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Data_Encryption
Neglecting to handle errors securely in Twig templates can expose sensitive information, such as stack traces or debug details, to attackers. Proper Error Handling is critical to ensure that sensitive information is not inadvertently revealed, as per OWASP Top Ten standards.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Error_Handling
Over-reliance on Twig's Framework Defaults can leave applications vulnerable if these settings are not configured securely for specific use cases. Developers must review and adjust default configurations to reduce risks, following the OWASP Top Ten recommendations.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Framework_Security_Project
Improper integration of Twig with API Endpoints can lead to vulnerabilities in CORS and Cross-Domain Permissions. Secure Policy Enforcement measures should be implemented to prevent unauthorized access or embedding.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS
Logging sensitive variables or raw inputs in Twig templates without encryption increases exposure risks. Secure Logging practices, including sanitizing logged data and restricting log access, are essential to comply with OWASP Top Ten guidelines.
https://owasp.org/www-community/Logging_and_Monitoring_Cheat_Sheet
Neglecting regular dependency checking for Twig libraries exposes applications to vulnerabilities in outdated or compromised components. Utilizing alerts for vulnerable components and dependency management tools is critical, as per the OWASP Top Ten.
https://owasp.org/www-project-dependency-check/
Lastly, remote code execution (RCE) risks can arise in Twig templates if untrusted inputs are processed insecurely. Sandboxing untrusted input and validating all template data are vital to prevent such exploits, aligning with the OWASP Top Ten's focus on secure template engine usage.