Table of Contents
Package Manager
Return to Cloud Monk's Package Manager Book, Software Deployment, Software Distribution, Software Installation, Software Configuration
See github.com/AzureCloudMonk/ChocolateyPackageListBackup
Return to Cloud Monk's Development Mac Homebrew List and Development PC Chocolatey List, Package, Image, Artifact, CLIs, Command line security, Tab completion, Automation, DevOps Tools, Container Tools, K8S Tools, Programming Tools, Infrastructure as Code (IaC), CI-CD, Git-GitHub-GitOps, Scripting languages (Python scripting, Bash script, PowerShell), Configuration Management (Terraform-Ansible-Chef-Puppet), Package Managers (npm-nvm-yarn - pip-Anaconda - maven-gradle-sdkman-sbt - NuGet - go get - RubyGems - cargo – apt-dnf-yum-rpm-snap - brew - choco-winget), Linux CLI Shells bash-ksh-tcsh-mksh-zsh, macOS CLI-iTerm2, Windows CLI / cmd.exe, Windows Terminal, cURL, REPLs, IDEs, Cloud IDEs
Cloud Monk's main knowledge and experience focus is on:
Kubernetes - K8S - Helm
Quai
Docker Hub
- Docker Hub - Docker Image Repository - Docker Hub repositories allow you share container images with your team, customers, or the Docker community at large. Docker images are pushed to Docker Hub through the docker push command. A single Docker Hub repository can hold many Docker images (stored as Docker tags).
- Docker Official Images are a curated set of Docker repositories hosted on Docker Hub. They are designed to:
- Provide drop-in solutions for popular programming language runtimes, data stores, and other services, similar to what a Platform as a Service (PAAS) would offer.
- Exemplify Dockerfile best practices and provide clear documentation to serve as a reference for other Dockerfile authors.
- Ensure that Docker security updates are applied in a timely manner. This is particularly important as many Docker Official Images are some of the most popular on Docker Hub.
GitHub Contain Registry
Programming languages
Golang
Java: Gradle, Maven, Ant
- Java ecosystem - Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and Graal (GraalVM) - Java-Kotlin-Scala (best to use sbt) - Groovy
Maven
- Apache Maven: a package manager and build tool for Java, Kotlin, Scala, Groovy and other JVM languages. https://central.maven.org
Gradle
- Gradle: a build system and package manager for Java, Kotlin, Scala, Groovy and other JVM languages, and also C++. https://gradle.org
Ant
SDKMan
NPM - Node Package Manager for JavaScript
- npm: a programming library and package manager for Node.js, JavaScript and TypeScript. https://npmjs.com
See also NVM
Yarn
NuGet for C# .NET
- NuGet: A Microsoft-official free and open-source package manager for Windows, available as a plugin for Visual Studio, and extendable from the command-line. Used for C# dot NET. https://nuget.org and https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json
Python
Anaconda
pip
- pip (package manager) (pip): a package manager for Python and the Python Package Index (PyPI) Python programming library
Rust Crates via Cargo
RubyGems
RubyGems: a package manager and repository for Ruby ** https://rubygems.org/search?&query=Azure+SDK - RubyGems Search
Operating Systems
Linux
RPM and yum for RedHat - Fedora - Rocky - CentOS
- RPM Package Manager (RPM): Created by Red Hat. RPM is the Linux Standard Base packaging format and the base of a number of additional tools, including apt4rpm, Red Hat's up2date, Mageia's urpmi, openSUSE's ZYpp (zypper), PLD Linux's poldek, Fedora's DNF, and Yellow dog Updater Modified (yum), which is used by Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL, and Yellow Dog Linux.
dpkg apt-get for Ubuntu - Debian
- dpkg: Originally used by Debian and now by Ubuntu. Uses the .deb format and was the first to have a widely known dependency resolution tool, APT (apt-get). The ncurses-based front-end for APT, aptitude, is also a popular package manager for Debian-based systems.
Snap App Store for Ubuntu - Debian and other Linux
Pacman for Arch Linux
- Pacman (Arch Linux) (pacman): Used in Arch Linux, Frugalware and DeLi Linux. Its binary package format is a xz-compressed tar archive (file extension: .pkg.tar.xz) built using the makepkg utility (which comes bundled with pacman) and a specialized type of shell script called a PKGBUILD.
FreeBSD ports
FreeBSD ports - NetBSD's pkgsrc works on several Unix-like operating systems. Free Ports Collection
Windows
Chocolatey
- Chocolatey: Open-source decentralized package manager for Windows in the spirit of Yum and apt-get. Usability wrapper for NuGet
Windows Package Manager - winget
Windows Store
- Windows Store: Official app store for Metro-style apps on Windows NT and Windows Phone. As of Windows 10, it distributes video games, films and music as well.
macOS
Homebrew
Mac App Store
- Mac App Store: Official digital distribution platform for OS X apps. Part of OS X 10.7 and available as an update for OS X 10.6.
iOS App Store
Android
Google Play
- Google Play: Online app store developed by Google for Android devices that license the proprietary Google Application set
Amazon Appstore
“A package manager or package management system is a collection of software tools that automate the process of installing, upgrading, configuring, and removing computer programs for a computer's operating system in a consistent manner.” Fair Use Source: Package manager
This is a list of software package management systems, categorized first by package format (binary, source code, hybrid) and then by operating system family.
Binary packages
The following package management systems distribute apps in binary package form; i.e., all apps are compiled and ready to be installed and use.
Unix-like
Linux
- apk-tools (apk): Alpine Package Keeper, the package manager for Alpine Linux.
- Entropy: used by and created for Sabayon Linux. It works with binary packages that are bzip2-compressed tar archives (file extension:
.tbz2
), that are created using Entropy itself, from tbz2 binaries produced by Portage from ebuilds, a type of specialized shell script.
- Flatpak: a containerized/sandboxed packaging format previously known as xdg-app.
- GNU Guix: Used by the GNU System. It is based on the Nix package manager with Guile Scheme APIs and specializes in providing exclusively free software.
- ipkg: A dpkg-inspired, very lightweight system targeted at storage-constrained Linux systems such as embedded devices and handheld computers. Used on HP's webOS.
- OpenPKG: Cross-platform package management system based on RPM Package Manager
- pacman: Used in Arch Linux, Frugalware and DeLi Linux. Its binary package format is a xz-compressed tar archive (file extension:
.pkg.tar.xz
) built using the makepkg utility (which comes bundled with pacman) and a specialized type of shell script called a PKGBUILD.
- PETget: used by Puppy Linux
- RPM Package Manager: Created by Red Hat. RPM is the Linux Standard Base packaging format and the base of a number of additional tools, including apt4rpm, Red Hat's up2date, Mageia's urpmi, openSUSE's ZYpp (zypper), PLD Linux's poldek, Fedora's DNF, and YUM, which is used by Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Yellow Dog Linux.
- slapt-get, which is used by Slackware and works with a binary package format that is essentially a xz-compressed tar archive with the file extension
.txz
.
- Smart Package Manager: Used by CCux Linux
macOS (OS X)
- Mac App Store: Official digital distribution platform for OS X apps. Part of OS X 10.7 and available as an update for OS X 10.6.
- MacPorts: Formerly known as DarwinPorts, based on FreeBSD Ports (as is OS X itself)
- Zero Install (0install): Cross-platform packaging and distributions software. Uses GnuPG and GTK+ on OS X.
- pkgutil package management tool included in MacOS
BSD
- dpkg: Used as part of Debian GNU/kFreeBSD
- TrueOS uses files with the .pbi (Push Button Installer) filename extension which, when double-clicked, bring up an installation wizard program. Each PBI is self-contained and uses de-duplicated private dependencies to avoid version conflicts. An autobuild system tracks the FreeBSD ports collection and generates new PBIs daily. TrueOS also uses the FreeBSD pkg binary package system; new packages are built approximately every two weeks from both a stable and rolling release branch of the FreeBSD ports tree.
- PKGNG: now standard; available in FreeBSD and PC-BSD since 9.1,<ref>
</ref> with support for binary packages
Solaris,illumos
- Image Packaging System (IPS, also known as “pkg(5)”): Used by Solaris, OpenSolaris and illumos distributions like OpenIndiana and OmniOS.
- pkgsrc: SmartOS, OS distribution of illumos from Joyent uses pkgsrc, that also can be bootstrapped to use on OpenIndiana.<ref>
</ref>
- OpenPKG: Cross-platform package management system based on RPM Package Manager
Mobile
Android
- Google Play: Online app store developed by Google for Android devices that license the proprietary Google Application set
- GetJar: An independent mobile phone app store founded in Lithuania in 2004
- Amazon Appstore: Alternative app store for Android devices
- SlideME: Alternative app store for Android devices
- F-Droid: An app store used in Replicant, which aims to replace the proprietary components of Android with free software alternatives<ref>
</ref><ref>
</ref>
- Uplay: A cross-platform video game distribution, licensing and social gameplay platform, developed and maintained by Ubisoft. Used to shop for, download, install and update video games. Works on Android, as well as PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, iOS, Windows NT and Windows Phone.
iOS
- Uplay: A cross-platform video game distribution, licensing and social gameplay platform, developed and maintained by Ubisoft. Used to shop for, download, install and update video games. Works on iOS, as well as PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, Android, Windows NT and Windows Phone.
Windows{{anchor|Microsoft_Windows}}
- Windows Store: Official app store for Metro-style apps on Windows NT and Windows Phone. As of Windows 10, it distributes video games, films and music as well.
- Windows Phone Store: Former official app store for Windows Phone. Now superseded by Windows Store.
- Xbox Live: A cross-platform video game distribution platform by Microsoft. Works on Windows NT, Windows Phone and Xbox. Initially called Games for Windows – Live on Windows 7 and earlier. On Windows 10, the distribution function is taken over by Windows Store.
- Cygwin: Free and open-source software repository for Windows NT. Provides many Linux tools and an installation tool with package manager.
- Ninite: Proprietary package manager for Windows NT
- NuGet: A Microsoft-official free and open-source package manager for Windows, available as a plugin for Visual Studio, and extendable from the command-line.
- Chocolatey: Open-source decentralized package manager for Windows in the spirit of Yum and apt-get. Usability wrapper for NuGet
- pacman: MSYS2-ported Windows version of the Arch Linux package manager.
- Zero Install (0install): Cross-platform packaging and distributions software. Uses .NET Framework on Windows NT.
- Uplay: A cross-platform video game distribution, licensing and social gameplay platform, developed and maintained by Ubisoft. Used to shop for, download, install and update video games. Works on Windows NT and Windows Phone, as well as PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Wii U, iOS and Android.
z/OS
Source code-based
The following package management systems distribute the source code of their apps. Either the user must know how to compile the packages, or they come with a script that automates the compilation process. For example, in GoboLinux a recipe file contains information on how to download, unpack, compile and install a package using its Compile tool. In both cases, the user must provide the computing power and time needed to compile the app, and is legally responsible for the consequences of compiling the package.
- apt-build is used by distributions which use deb packages, allowing automatic compiling and installation of software in a deb source repository.
- Sorcery is Sourcemage GNU/Linux's bash based package management program that automatically downloads software from their original site and compiles and installs it on the local machine.
- ABS is used by Arch Linux to automate binary packages building from source or even other binary archives, with automatic download and dependency checking.
macOS (OS X)
- MacPorts, formerly called DarwinPorts, originated from the OpenDarwin project.
- Homebrew, with close Git integration.
Hybrid systems
- Nix package manager: Package manager that manages software in a purely functional way, featuring multi-user support, atomic upgrades and rollbacks. Allows multiple versions or variants of a software to be installed at the same time. It has support for macOS and is cross-distribution in its Linux support.
- Portage and emerge are used by Gentoo Linux, Funtoo Linux, and Sabayon Linux. It is inspired by the BSD ports system and uses text based “ebuilds” to automatically download, customize, build, and update packages from source code. It has automatic dependency checking and allows multiple versions of a software package to be installed into different “slots” on the same system. Portage also employs “use flags” to allow the user to fully customize a software build to suit the needs of their platform in an automated fashion. While source code distribution and customization is the preferred methodology, some larger packages that would take many hours to compile on a typical desktop computer are also offered as pre-compiled binaries in order to ease installation.
- MacPorts (for OS X)
- Collective Knowledge Framework is a cross-platform package and workflow framework with JSON API that can download binary packages or build them from sources for Linux, Windows, MacOS and Android platforms<ref>
</ref>
Meta package managers
The following unify package management for several or all Linux and sometimes Unix variants. These, too, are based on the concept of a recipe file.
- AppImage (previously klik and PortableLinuxApps) aims to provide an easy way to get software packages for most major distributions without the dependency problems so common in many other package formats.
- Autopackage uses .package files.
- Zero Install installs each package into its own directory and uses environment variables to let each program find its libraries. Package and dependency information is downloaded directly from the software authors' pages in an XML format, similar to an RSS feed.
- PackageKit is a set of utilities and libraries for creating applications that can manage packages across multiple package managers using back-ends to call the correct program.
Proprietary software systems
A wide variety of package management systems are in common use today by proprietary software operating systems, handling the installation of both proprietary and free packages.
- Software Distributor is the HP-UX package manager.
Application-level Dependency managers
- EasyInstall: a package manager for Python and the PyPI programming library which is part of the Setuptools packaging system
- elm-package: a package manager for Elm
- Enthought Canopy: a package manager for Python scientific and analytic computing distribution and analysis environment
- NuGet: the package manager for the Microsoft development platform including .NET Framework and Xamarin
- Pkg: a package manager for Julia
- Quicklisp: a package manager and repository for Common Lisp