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• Provide a FreeBSD glossary of the top 40 FreeBSD concepts sorted by the most commonly used. For each concept include a brief description and the URL for the FreeBSD official documentation. Answer using MediaWiki format.

Creating a comprehensive FreeBSD glossary sorted by the most commonly used concepts requires careful consideration of FreeBSD's documentation, features, and utilities. Below, I've compiled a list of 40 FreeBSD concepts, ranging from foundational elements like the file system layout to advanced features like jails. For each, I've provided a brief description. However, URLs for the official FreeBSD documentation will follow a generic format, as specific URLs would require checking the FreeBSD documentation website for the most current links. You can find detailed information on each concept by visiting the FreeBSD Handbook or the man pages section on the official FreeBSD website (`https://www.freebsd.org/docs.html`).

The Ports Collection is a set of Makefiles, patches, and description files used to compile and install applications from source on FreeBSD.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-using.html

pkg is the package management tool used for installing, upgrading, and managing FreeBSD packages.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/pkgng-intro.html

ZFS is an advanced file system and logical volume manager designed to provide high storage capacities and data integrity.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/zfs.html

Jails are a lightweight virtualization technology in FreeBSD that allows for the partitioning of a FreeBSD system into multiple independent mini-systems.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/jails.html

bhyve is a type-2 hypervisor for FreeBSD that allows users to run multiple guest operating systems simultaneously.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/virtualization]]-host-bhyve.html

FreeBSD Kernel is the core of the FreeBSD operating system, managing hardware, processes, memory, and networking.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/kernel]]config-building.html

File System Layout describes the structure and purpose of directories and files in FreeBSD.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/dirstructure.html

pf is a powerful firewall and networking tool used for packet filtering, NAT, and traffic shaping.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/firewall]]s-pf.html

SSH provides secure remote access to FreeBSD systems through encrypted communication.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/openssh.html

cron is a system daemon used to execute scheduled commands.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/configtuning-cron.html

The rc system is used for managing service scripts executed at system boot time.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/configtuning-rcd.html

UFS (Unix File System) is a traditional file system used in Unix-like operating systems, including FreeBSD.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/file]][[system]]s-ufs.html

GEOM is a modular disk I/O request transformation framework in FreeBSD.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/geom.html

DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework for troubleshooting [[kernel and application problems.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/dtrace.html

The make utility is used for managing the build process of software through a file called a Makefile.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/make.html

NFS (Network File System) allows for file sharing over a network, letting systems access files over a network as if they were local.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network]]-nfs.html

syslog is a standard for message logging, allowing the collection and storage of logs.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/configtuning-syslog.html

sendmail is a mail transfer agent (MTA) used to send, receive, and route emails.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/mail-changingmta.html

IPFW (IP Firewall) is a stateful firewall written for FreeBSD which supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/firewalls-ipfw.html

CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol) allows multiple hosts on the same local network to share a set of IP addresses.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/carp.html

FreeBSD supports binary updates for the base system and applications using freebsd-update and pkg.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/updating-upgrading-freebsdupdate.html

The FreeBSD boot loader is responsible for loading the FreeBSD kernel and initiating the FreeBSD boot process.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/boot-introduction.html

Disk partitioning involves dividing a disk into sections that can be independently managed.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/disks-adding.html

File permissions in FreeBSD control the actions that can be performed on files and directories.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/permissions.html

FreeBSD's user management involves creating, modifying, and deleting FreeBSD user accounts and FreeBSD groups.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/users-modifying.html

The FreeBSD virtual memory system in manages memory allocation for processes and the kernel.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/vm.html

FreeBSD TCP/IP networking in covers the FreeBSD configuration and management of network interfaces and FreeBSD services.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/networking.html

FreeBSD Loader variables are used to control the FreeBSD boot loader's behavior.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/boot-loader.html

FreeBSD Kernel modules are pieces of code that can be loaded into the FreeBSD kernel to extend its functionality.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/kernelconfig-kernelmodules.html

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is used for FreeBSD power management and FreeBSD hardware configuration.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/acpi-debugging.html

FreeBSD Sysctl is used to modify FreeBSD kernel parameters at runtime.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/configtuning-sysctl.html

Describes how to FreeBSD update the FreeBSD system source code for building and upgrading the FreeBSD kernel and world.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/makeworld.html

The FreeBSD Update Utility is used for FreeBSD binary updates of the FreeBSD base system.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/updating-upgrading-freebsdupdate.html

The FreeBSD security auditing system helps in FreeBSD monitoring FreeBSD security and detecting FreeBSD vulnerabilities.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/audit.html

Poudriere is a FreeBSD tool for testing and building FreeBSD ports in a clean, isolated environment.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-poudriere.html

BSD init scripts are used for FreeBSD starting services, FreeBSD stopping services, and managing FreeBSD services at FreeBSD boot time and FreeBSD shutdown.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/configtuning-rcd.html

FreeBSD jails.conf is the FreeBSD configuration file for setting up and managing FreeBSD jails.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/jails-jailsconf.html

fstab (File Systems Table) is a FreeBSD system configuration file that lists all available FreeBSD disks and FreeBSD disk partitions and their FreeBSD mount points.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/configtuning-fstab.html

Unionfs is a FreeBSD filesystem service that allows several file systems to be superimposed and appear as one.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/unionfs.html

devfs (Device File System) provides a dynamic view of the devices in the system, automatically creating and removing FreeBSD device nodes.

• https://freebsd.org/doc/handbook/devfs.html

This list is intended to serve as a starting point for familiarizing yourself with FreeBSD. For the most accurate and detailed information, please refer to the FreeBSD Handbook and the man pages directly on the FreeBSD website. Remember, the URLs provided here are based on a generic format; you should navigate to the official FreeBSD documentation website to find the specific pages for each topic.

FreeBSD VMs on Cloud Providers:

• FreeBSD on AWS.amazon.com
• FreeBSD on docs.microsoft.com
• FreeBSD on cloud.google.com
• FreeBSD on IBM.com
• FreeBSD on docs.oracle.com
• FreeBSD on VMware.com

• FreeBSD on Kubernetes.io
• FreeBSD on Docker.com
• FreeBSD on hub.docker.com (Docker Hub)
• FreeBSD on Podman.io
• FreeBSD on Quay.io
• FreeBSD on artifacthub.io

• FreeBSD on Pluralsight.com
• FreeBSD on Udemy
• FreeBSD on LinkedIn Learning

Fair Use Sources:

• FreeBSD on DuckDuckGo
• FreeBSD on Google
• FreeBSD on GitHub
• FreeBSD on O'Reilly
• FreeBSD on SuperUser.com
• FreeBSD on Stackoverflow
• FreeBSD on Reddit
• FreeBSD on YouTube
• FreeBSD for Archive Access for Fair Use Preservation, quoting, paraphrasing, excerpting and/or commenting upon

• FreeBSD on distrowatch.com
• FreeBSD on linuxfoundation.org
• FreeBSD on wiki.linuxquestions.org
• FreeBSD on shellhacks.com
• FreeBSD on linuxhint.com
• FreeBSD on www.linux.org
• FreeBSD on man.cx

• FreeBSD on askubuntu.com
• FreeBSD on help.ubuntu.com/community
• FreeBSD on debian.org
• FreeBSD on packages.debian.org
• FreeBSD on wiki.debian.org
• FreeBSD on developers.redhat.com
• FreeBSD on fedoraproject.org
• FreeBSD on docs.fedoraproject.org
• FreeBSD on wiki.archlinux.org

• FreeBSD on snapcraft.io
• FreeBSD on forums.freebsd.org