Xenix
Don’t Return to UNIX
TLDR: Xenix is a discontinued UNIX-based operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation and first released in 1980. It marked Microsoft’s early entry into the UNIX market, aimed at providing a multi-user environment for microcomputers and minicomputers.
Xenix originated as a port of UNIX Version 7, which was initially developed by Bell Labs in the 1970s. Microsoft licensed the source code from AT&T and modified it to support hardware platforms like the Intel 8086. Xenix became one of the first commercial versions of UNIX designed for personal computers and workstations.
During its lifespan, Xenix was adopted by vendors like IBM, SCO (Santa Cruz Operation), and Tandy Corporation, who tailored the system for their specific hardware. IBM’s use of Xenix in its IBM PC and SCO’s later acquisition of rights to Xenix contributed to its popularity in business environments during the 1980s.
Key features of Xenix included multitasking and multi-user capabilities, which were uncommon for operating systems designed for microcomputers at the time. It supported shell scripting, TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), and SQL-based database systems, making it a robust solution for commercial applications and early networking.
Despite its initial success, Xenix began to decline in the late 1980s as Microsoft shifted its focus to Windows operating systems. Rights to Xenix were eventually sold to SCO, which used its technology as the foundation for SCO UNIX in 1989, marking the end of Microsoft’s involvement in the UNIX market.
Today, Xenix is remembered as a significant milestone in the history of operating systems, showcasing Microsoft’s early contributions to UNIX-based technologies. Its legacy can be traced in modern systems that evolved from its architecture and principles.
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